How Discovery of Oil Has Affected State Building of Saudi Arabia Essay

How Disc overy of Oil Has unnatural State Building of Saudi-Arabian Arabia - Essay ExampleThe post-World War II period of growing take on for cheap and reliable suppliers of oil for rebuilding Europe was a great boost to the unity of the Saudi Arabian regions, and to the developing oil industry in the state. The attractive revenues that were realized during the reign of Abd al Aziz Al ibn Abd (1932-1953), strengthened his position and gave him the power to exert a higher political and economic influence over his territories (Country Studies par 4). The Saudi state became the pervasive economic change agent, replacing the initially differentiated parsimoniousness with one that relied entirely upon the states expenditure. In the 1970s and early 1980s, the rapid increase in oil prices enabled the Saudi state to meet its long-term financial obligations (Country Studies par 9). The huge oil revenues, in addition to delays in expenditures and the Saudi economys restricted absorptive ca pacity, brought about large financial surpluses in the economy. Majority of these surpluses were invested in esteemed international financial institutions and securities. The state is one of the leaders in the oil market in the 1990s, prime it hard to diversify its economy (Country Studies par 6). This government has however, raised the average living standards of Saudi citizens to among the surpass globally, and established excellent infrastructural facilities and social services for its people. Being the major source of revenue, the oil industry has been an field of study of keen interest to the government.

What do qualitative methods have to offer clinical psychology as Essay

What do qualitative methods obligate to stretch clinical psychology as research tools - Essay ExampleQualitative researchers more than often have a common intention to enrich their interpretations or critiques of symbols and subjective experiences or social structures through these methods. (Glaser and Strauss, 1967). accord to Guba and Lincoln (p. 106), there is an identified set of four conditions that are essential for a naturalistic examination when talking in terms of clinical psychology and it is these conditions which underline the criteria for trustworthiness between a psychological researcher and a patient. Now this goes without saying that trustworthiness is a unfavourablely important issue in psychological research and the criteria for assessing trustworthiness in naturalistic inquiry especially, profoundly relies on qualitative research. The generally important condition among the rest relates to the methods applied in the research. These are the qualitative methods which heavily depend on human senses and these are considered the most appropriate and beneficent methods for carrying out investigation of multiple realities, worldwide. This is so because such methods are highly adaptable to mutually shaping influences and value patterns that gradually arise in the clinical research. This allows open discussion among the participants and the researcher allowing them to elaborate their understandings in addition to creating a setting that enables the researcher to jimmy and grasp the verbal responses of the participants. The whole point of qualitative methods generally is to gather information through loosely-structured interviews, critical analysis of the participants responses as well as the scientific literature and transient observations.Defining qualitative research, desexualize and Reichardt (p. 7) stated Qualitative research methods include ethnography, case study, in depth interviews, and participant observation. Ethnography is a

Terrorist Group Hezbollah Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Terrorist stem Hezbollah - Essay ExampleWestern threatists are not motivated by religion and however ever have a wish to become martyrs. Hence, escape is the main concern to them. They use outside(a) bombs, snipers or Improvised explosive devices (IEDs), which permits them to be far-off from the place of the crime. With the expansion of religious fundamentalist terror campaigns, the nature of terrorist targets has revolutionized (Burgan, 2010). The Hezbollah is also a terrorist group that opposes the Christian religion. Raids, which result in a with child(p) number of civilian causalities or deaths, are the main agenda of the Hezbollah terrorist group. These attacks have been witnessed in the eye East for some time now with a lengthy custom of suicide bombings of crowded civilian places such as night clubs and bars. Secondly, in the Hezbollah group, terrorist survival is not a serious worry, but for other groups, death is not a pleasing outcome as the terrorists keenly seek to vacate death during their attacks. This suggests that targets that were earlier thought to be protected from attack are currently at risk. The hap of the Hezbollah terrorist group fruitfully reaching their target, if the groups own survival is not a concern, is much, much greater. In reality, preventing a suicide bomber of the Hezbollah group from causing deaths, apart from his or her death, is virtually not possible.Potential Targets of Terrorist AttacksExamples of strong targets would incorporate military bases, high ranking politicians, and heads of state plus political organizations. A weak target is one which has modest or no military security or condom and hence is a straightforward alternative for a terrorist raid. This takes account of commercial shopping centers, bus terminals, and untenanted areas like football grounds and sports stadiums. All airports as from 9/11 fall into this class. Even though they are more protected since the 9/11 attacks, they still have many ac cess points and a whopping numbers of visitors. All of the access points are a potential doorway for terrorists. It is also vital to think about the potential media coverage a raid on a target would

Technical Report about Zigbee Network Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Technical field about Zigbee Network - Essay ExampleZigbee is a set of specifications that facilitate a impression cost, low consumption power, low data transfer load and non-complex wireless mesh network. Zigbee protocol has been commonplaceized by IEEE. In this paper, the basic attributes of Zigbee networks shall be discussed along with the network topologies, applications and components. The protocol shall also be studied with rootage to the OSI model to highlight the layers where it is defined. Table of Contents Abstract ii List of regards iv 1. Introduction 1 2. Background 1 3. Components of Zigbee Networks 3 4. Applications of Zigbee 5 5. Network Topologies of Zigbee Networks 5 6. Zigbee Specifications in OSI Model 7 7. close 8 References 9 List of Figures Figure 1 Zigbee comparison with other wireless technologies 2 Figure 2 Zigbee network in a bruise home 3 Figure 3 Coordinator, Router and end-devices 4 Figure 4 Types of network topologies of Zigbee standard 6 Figure 5 OSI layers comparison with the definition of Zigbee in the model 7 Zigbee Networks and Specifications 1. Introduction Technology has intervened to an extensive degree in the lives of hu slices. The intervention has made man rely on technology for his business, as well as domestic needs. The trend of transforming regular houses into smart homes has been a field of interest for researchers around the world. Gohn (2007) stated that the advancement in the domain of wireless networking and teaching technology has made an age-old dream come true of automating ones house with a centralized source of control. The innovative technology that is responsible for leaping wireless technology to another direct of automation is known as Zigbee. The report focuses on the components and network topologies that develop the standard and facilitate colloquy with devices that be placed within a close range. Section 2 discusses the background and overview of the Zigbee standard. Section 3 includes th e components of a Zigbee network while Section 4 discusses the applications of the respective standard. Section 5 includes the network topologies that are followed by the standard and Section 6 defines its placement in the OSI model. 2. Background Several technologies have been actual in the past long time that are based on different levels of bandwidth, ranges and degrees of power consumption. Some of the park technologies to provide connectivity with different devices around a smart home have been Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and WiMax. Leopold, Dydensborg and Bonnet (2003) provided the information that bluetooth is considered to be the first technology in the domain of Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) that gained extensive course credit and acceptance. Leopold, Dydensborg and Bonnet (2003) stated that Bluetooth offered omni-directional communicating that led to the desire for a smarter technology after some years of its common usage. Stevanovic (2007) provided the information that Z igbee Alliance introduced a new standard with the name Zigbee. Zigbee is a standard which is meant for communication between embedded devices placed in a limited range. It was recognized as a standard under IEEE 802.15.4. Gohn (2007) stated that the main aim behind the standard was to facilitate wireless connectivity between devices much(prenominal) that it would possess the following attributes Low complexity Low cost Low consumption of power two-way communication Low load of data transfer Lonn and

Ethical Theories of Utilitarianism and Kantianism Essay

Ethical Theories of Utilitarianism and Kantianism - Essay Example fit to the paper the manager Michael has faced an ethical situation in his familys business of metal components. The contemporary economic crisis has created strong challenges to Michael in sustaining his family business. On the other hand, one of his unskilled, but loyal workers, bottom, who started working for the follow even at a time when Michaels grandfather was running the business, has developed some windburned behaviors at the workplace which caused Michael lot of headaches. Michael knows that Johns wife and only son died in a car crash a year ago and that, to cope with his loss, John has taken to drinking alcohol. Michael has repeatedly talked with John about this problem but this has not changed Johns behavior. Even though Michael obstinate to cut down all the unproductive sectors including the unproductive problematic employees also, he decided to keep John on. This paper briefly analyses Michaels decis ion to keep John on the basis of ethical theories of utilitarianism and Kantianism.This written report outlines that the main ethical issue knotty in this case was about Johns future. He has started his career even when Michaels grandfather was running the business and moreover John has spent mass of his healthy periods for the company and worked hard for the company as a loyal worker. Right now he is rapidly approaching the end of period of his life both as a worker and a human being. Is it proper(ip) to fire a worker who spent majority of his life for the wellbeing of a company during a period when he was about to retire? Another ethical issue involved in the above case was that John has lost his entire family in an accident and left solely in this world by destiny. Apart from his family, the company was the second entity in which John was constantly interacting. Is it right for the company to fire such a loyal worker when he was left alone in this world, especially when consid ering his earlier services to the organization?

Analysis of Macro and Micro Environment of Microsoft Corporation Research Paper

Analysis of large and Micro Environment of Microsoft Corporation - Research Paper ExampleThe company, founded by Bill Gates and capital of Minnesota Allen in 1975, revolutionized the concept of personal computer usage by introducing the Graphical User Interface (GUI) Windows exercise system in 1985. Microsoft Corporation, working with a vision of seeing a computer at every(prenominal) desk and in every home, operates in over 60 countries.For a company to make correct strategical choices in crafting its long business strategies, it should gain a clear understanding of the organizational environment. The trends in the macro environment will not only indicate current market conditions but also the long-term implications, which the company should gear itself to intercept in the future (Thomson & Strickland 2003). Macro environment analysis can be facilitated by a PESTLE analysis, which assesses semipolitical, Environmental, Social & Cultural, Technological, Legal and Economic influ ences, which bears upon the organization.Some of the current developments in the Political environment include the liberalization of closed economies and the greater level of foreign trade. While this opens up natural markets like China, it also fuels competition from the likes of India offering cheap outsourcing options. Recent turbulent conditions marked by escalated terrorist attacks pick the overall operations of the world markets. The political instability is also curbing the potential for industrial development, which is pivotal for the growth of companies such as Microsoft Corporation.

Corporate governance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Corporate institution - Essay Example organization is the way or the structure the CEO, the owner and board of directors together with direct, control, coordinate the business in terms of managing the assets, processes and systems within the organizational setting (Pounds, 2008, YouTube video). Corporate giving medication is the legal as well as organizational framework, or certain principles and processes by which corporations are governed. Corporate presidential term hence relates to powers, accountability and relationships of those people who are involved in the direction and controlling of the corporation (Plessis, Hargovan and Bagaric, 2010, p. 4). As practical joker (2012, p. 4) pointed out, all different types of in corporal entities need governing body. For a company, the governing body is its board of directors, and for otherwise types of business firms, it may be a council, a court, a committee or an agency. Corporate brass instrument is thus all about the way the p ower is exercised over corporate entities. Importance of Corporate Governance Corporate governance is to a greater extent concerned with directing and controlling of corporate bodies mainly with a debate to enhance stockholder value. Since the processes and systems of corporate governance lay the launchation for business growth in the future, it positively impacts the profitability and overall business performance and this is the reason why it ensures enhanced shareholder value. Firms with credible corporate governance in place are free to go about their own ways to augment shareholder values and continue to gain growth. New investors can be encouraged to invest in securities or existing investors can be motivated to expand their investments only if there is effective corporate governing system at corporate levels. Are companies run ultimately for profits, or shareholder values or social responsibilities? This is perhaps an overwhelming academic debate. Corporate governance doctr ine underlies the feature that a company must be run for shareholder value. Lynn A. Stout, a modern creative thinker in the field of corporate governance and professor at Cornell Law School, argued that corporate governance is more likely to amount shareholder dictatorship. She is of the strong side that shareholder value concept of the corporate governance is not the modern corporate practice. Shareholder value thinking has in recent years been found to harm investors overtime (Stout, 2011, YouTube video). Effective governance practices are becoming sources of competitive advantage among world economies to entice wider international capital. One of the main reasons why there has been considerable prominence in corporate governance in recent years was that companies were in greater need to access all types of financial resources and withal to harness the power of private dictatorship for the social as well as economic wellbeing. redeeming(prenominal) governance not only ensures better shareholder values, but also speeds up competitive adaptation. in force(p) corporate structure to eliminate unethical behavior As to the core of corporate governance, the board of directors is say to fulfill three fundamental responsibilities protecting stakeholder rights and interests, managing the risks and creating business values. These functions are closely related to eliminating unethical and unprincipled practices that the board or agencies may practice. For

Acdamic skill Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Acdamic skill - Essay ExampleSources, such as Google sources, are not that reliable, because anybody can publicly do things on the internet. However, books are generally considered more accredited because the author and publisher are clearly stated and they are held responsibility for its truthfulness.One reliable resource, embed by Erik, A.(2010), had introduced product strategies for the iPhone, including four successful directions which are markets, product cycles, price and software. However, the iPhone was not the for the first time smartphone to have mobile Web, email, and touch-screen user interface capabilities, but it was designed to offer an improved experience compared to some other smartphones. Firstly, this resource is reliable because of its demand media. Secondly, it is useful for this research proposal. The significant aim of this article is exploring the iPhone product strategy, it was designed to offer an improved experience compared to other smartphones. Follo wing the four product strategies for the iPhone which are markets, product cycles, pricing and software, we can clearly see the iPhone why can be successful. These four aspects are indispensable to the descent strategies.According to Dorrell, E. (2007), more than half of the consumers in the UK stipulate that Apple iPhones are too expensive. Two weeks after the launch in the UK, the vote at the market research company GFK NOP showed that more than 70% of the consumers pure tone that the proposed retail price of 269 was on the high side while only 2% of the respondents considered buying an iPhone. This resource, demonstrate by a newspaper, makes it reliable. And using customer interviews further increases its reliability. The main purpose of this paper is for customer surveys to getting the price of the iPhone to a more detailed study of the iPhone business strategy. Furthermore, collecting data is the important way to get a reliable source. Due to this fact received from this

War in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

war in Iraq - turn up ExampleRather, it was pursued in economic reasons.Scott (2003) cites the internally stated goal of securing the flow of anele in the Middle East. Scott refers to a floor from the James A. Baker Institute of Public Policy at rice University (April, 1997) which stated the problem of energy security for the US and noted that US was increasingly exposed to oil shortages in the face of the inability of oil supplies to carry on with world demand. Particularly, voiceicular the report communicate The Threat of Iraq and Iran to the free flow of oil out of the Middle East. It concluded that Saddam Hussein was liquid a threat to Middle Eastern security and still had the military capability to exercise bear on beyond Iraqs borders. Scott continues that as soon as the Bush administration took office in 2001, it followed the lead of a second report from the same institute, which was co-sponsored by the Council on Foreign Relations in New York, the report representing a consensus of thinking among energy experts of both governmental parties, and was signed by Democrats as well as Republicans. Entitled Strategic Energy Policy Challenges for the 21st Century, the report concludedThe United States remains a prisoner of its energy dilemma. ... Therefore the US should conduct an immediate policy review toward Iraq including military, energy, economic and political/ diplomatic assessments.Following this note is the looming phenomenon known as Global posting Oil, which is projected to transcend around 2010, with Iraq and Saudi Arabia being the final two nations to reach peak oil production. US geophysicist M. great power Hubbert, who in 1956 correctly predicted U.S. oil production would peak in 1971, first illustrated this crucial concept of Peak Oil in bell-shaped curves wherein each oil field in the world follows a more or less bell-shaped curve, and the composite view of the worlds thousands of oil fields is one gigantic, ragged progress lookin g bell-shaped curve. According to Clark (2003), once Peak Oil is reached, the supply of oil/energy leave begin an irreversible decline, along with a corresponding permanent increase in price contempt the presence of increasing demand from industrialized and developing nations alike. Another reason pointed out on the seduce of the war was to preserve the dominance of the dollar over the world oil economy. Clark (Revisited The Real Reasons for the Upcoming War with Iraq, 2003) on the other hand believes that the US media and government failed to report that the war itself is in large part an oil currency war. In Clarks words, a war intended to prevent oil from being priced in euros. He cites that a core reason for the ongoing war is this US administrations goal of preventing further scheme of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) momentum towards the euro as an oil transaction currency standard. However, in order to nix OPEC, they need to gain geo-strategic control of Iraq alo ng with its 2nd

Controversy Japanese Internment Camps Research Paper

Controversy lacquerese Internment Camps - Research Paper Examplewere non included in these camps (Joy, p104). The President of United Stated Franklin D. Roosevelt declared war with Japan on declination 7, 1941 after the Japans attack on the Pearl Harbour. After this declaration situation became bastinado for the Japanese living in the United Stated and most of them had to go through extremely hard time that they had never thought about. The President allowed the removal of all the Japanese from their homes to the guarded camps established in the interior part of the country. In this way the Japanese living in United States had to pay really heavy cost of Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour and getting United States tangled in the war (Karen, p183). During this process, over 120,000 Japanese were taken out from their homes in United States and they were forces to leave their houses, make for places, businesses and lives they were living in US. They were moved to the camps that w ere mostly set up in the desert areas with little facilities of life. in that location was no running water around the camps and the imprisoners were all time surrounded by barbed wires and guards. The geological formation of these camps and moving the Japanese descents in these camps was a highly controversial mensuration taken by the administration of United States and the answerion started up heated and prolonged debate about the justification of the action taken by the U.S administration. The government of United States put forward their stance that they had the fear of further attacks from Japan on their territory and they see the danger of presence of Japanese descent spying for Japan. They justified the establishment of camps that the step was taken to avoid the possible support provided by the Japanese American to their homeland by providing randomness to the Japanese or though different assets and cooperation (Nash et al, p92). Despite this justification the experts and people widely opposed the act of United Stated to detain the Japanese American in these camps and the justification given by the U.S. government was also rejected. It was argues from the other side that almost two third of the interned were American citizens and half of the people unbroken in the camps were children. There were no evidences to prove the involvement of these people in the spying activity neither there were sign of disloyalty for America shown by these people. These camps were also criticised for providing poor living conditions to the detainees. It was reported that the people had problems in getting access to fresh water. The weather was extremely harsh and the environment of the camps was also very belligerent and antagonistic. The members of the families were separated from each other and they were kept in different camps from where they found it impossible to contact their family members and meet with them. Throughout the war there were just ten people fou nd acc utilize to spying for Japan and over 120,000 people were kept in the camps just because of doubt of spying and disloyalty (Daniels et al, p54). The government of United States beautiful that the step was necessary to strengthen the position of America in the war by eliminating the possibilities of spying and infixed support to Japan from America but it is widely believe that it was just a cover used to justify the action and in real the step was led by racism and biasness for the Japanese Americans. The clutch of Japanese Americans also became matter of

Richard Nixion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Richard Nixion - Essay ExampleIt is high time that the American flock must recognize the achievements of Richard M. Nixon as an astute president and a great leader.Presidents like other special K people, simply cannot choose the families in which they should be born. Richard Nixon certainly had a troubled childhood lacking in any form of motherly love and affection (Powell, 1999). An ill-tempered father who did not hesitate from exposing his consequence to blatant abuse and intimidation that worsened this situation (Powell, 1999). The battered and gloomy childhood of Nixon was further burdened by his fathers panache for endowing his children with grandiose names owing origins to the English kings (Powell, 1999). Hence, Nixon always had to face tart circumstances on the personal side of his life, giving way to an anxiety driven mindset preoccupy by a yearning to win acclaims and honors from the people he intended to serve. Analyzed in such(prenominal) a backdrop, the achievement s of Nixon as a man and a leader definitely stand to be severe and remarkable.Primarily, Nixon was a polished politician. In fact, there is no denying the reality that Nixon was a politician par excellence, who started exhibiting his readiness and ingenuity right from the start of his career (Small, 2003). The politics of Nixon was always a mix of passion and drive. He successfully fructified his very first campaign for a congressional seat by tactfully unveil the left wing affiliations of his opponent. He established himself as a worthy tactician and strategist who was known for his loaded anti-communist leanings, a trait that secured his candidature for the vice-presidency in 1952 (Pious, 2002). In the presidential campaign in 1952, he singlehandedly turned the tables against Adlai Stevenson by projecting himself as a champion of integrity and uprightness through a across the nation television address (Pious, 2002). Nixon was a politician who always did his homework. No doub t, the opponents of Nixon always found him a regretful and formidable competitor. Even a cursory perusal of Nixons history as a politician and a campaigner leaves no doubt as to his genius and marksmanship. During the illness of President Eisenhower in 1955-1957, Nixon conducted himself with an exceptional ascendancy and aptly handled the day- to- day administrative activities. The conduct of Nixon as a vice president and the Eisenhower-Nixon succession proportionateness meant to handle possible eventualities even today serves as a guiding model for the administrators and politicians (Pious, 2002). As a vice president, Nixon successfully campaigned for many Republican congressional representatives in 1954-1958. The White House always forwarded Nixon as an antidote against the Democratic aspersions regarding being lax on communism (Small, 2003). Nixon stymied the Bricker Amendment intending unprecedented constraints on the presidential powers (Small, 2003). In 1960, Nixon successf ully won the Republican presidential nomination. However, he lost to John F. Kennedy primarily owing to the worn out economic policies of Eisenhower.

2500 Word Portfolio Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

2500 Word Portfolio - Essay ExampleThe support utilizati sensationr does not inevitably work for a specific sector like the volunteer that works in the voluntary sector. near support players are employed in the private sector since the pay for support workers is good and the work involves specialized care for the patients. Support workers are also employed within the public sector and perk up payments from the government. However, support workers do not work in the voluntary sector.The role of the support worker requires a person who not only supports patients but also displays certain other skills which include self-motivation, organizational skills, conference skills, flexibility, caring and sensitivity to others. The support worker requires these skills in order to manage and improve upon his work. He should be empathic to the needs of the patients, but while providing emotional and physical support, it is also required that the support worker be able to manage the work endo rsed upon him. Since the support worker is aiding the sick, it needs to be understood that a great deal times that sick are not capable to organizing their own lives. The support worker here has to occupy all duties that the patient, himself is not able to do. This often requires the support worker to work outside the definitions of his profession. Therefore, flexibility is one need of the support worker (Prospectus, 2013).Good communication by the support worker is required in order to not just communicate with the patient but also with others related to the patient. This includes the family and friends of the patients, the doctor, and other governing to whom the support worker has to answer to. In all these instances, the support worker needs to adopt a different tone and different attitude which thus requires good communication. The support worker would sometimes suck to be empathic but at other times he would have to be relentless all these roles taken with the primary obje ctive of improving the patients quality of

Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 6

news report - Essay ExampleHowever, a name change could potentially alert customers and suppliers to new ownership and increase vitality and momentum at the company. In particular, the well-known name (Pinessi) has its own merchandiseing benefits. But argon these benefits really worth change the name?This seems unlikely thus great benefits will still be realised by retaining MCS Mining Supplies name and launching a new but limited marketing campaign alerting the industry to the new joint venture between well-known players in interior(prenominal) mining.MCS Mining Supplies leads the mining supplies industry in Australia. We produce work out products that suit a wide consort of customers, from high volume, low cost orders to unique, custom drill apparatus. MCS is staffed by highly skilled designers, machinists and technicians who produce drill custom pieces order, ahead of deadline and bulk orders with consistency and reliability. We maintain manufacturing plants at two sites in Western Australia, Perth and Kalgoorlie, and in Mount Macarthur in Queensland. MCS supplies 40% of the domestic market while we are expanding into the rapidly developing eastmost Asian market, building our brand which is recognized for quality, capacity and reliability. We aim to grow our construction industry market share both at home and abroad. Both our Korean chapter and new projects in China religious service the Chinese market, which is the largest in the world. We are also expanding our product line and developing related products specifically for the crude industry. At MCS we pride ourselves on maintaining our core vision of service and stability while quickly supplement new technologies and opportunities.Chinas phenomenal economic growth has been among the worlds biggest success stories since the reforms of Deng Xiou Ping in the 1980s. full a few years earlier, China was in the throes of Maos cultural revolution, which decimated entire industries, halted

Identifying a Research-Worthy Problem Assignment

Identifying a Research-Worthy Problem - Assignment ExampleIt is unfortunate that the train administrators who are charged with the responsibility of using inculcate funds, either misuse, embezzle or abuse them. This has caused a lot of havoc to the ordinary American children who entirely depend on public education (Starr, 2014).Therefore, this root word will be about a research on the misappropriation of take aim funds by the public school administrators. Unlike private schools which are sponsored by their owners or supported by the fees levied in a flash from the learners, public schools need to get resources from the local, state and federal government. Without such interventions, they might not get notes to use in running their day to day activities. The little money they get from tuition and cater services are not sufficient to sustain them throughout the year (Radin, 2006). Since each school has various needs and preferences, it would be better if their administrators are given an opportunity to have a direct visualize over their expenditure. They use such opportunities to identify priority areas and allocate them enough funds.According to the Department of Education, more than $500 of school funds have been misused, embezzled or abused since the year 1998. This has been proven by the unending scandals involving school principals and administrators since all along. Among these cases have been evidenced in schools like New Colonial uplifted School, Kingsville High School and capital of Illinois School in which the administrators were charged for stealing school funds. For instance, on her part, Olga Amaral of Springfield School, San Diego, was charged for using school money as gifts to her relatives and friends. Her action was so detrimental since it made the school to be unable to fully support its essential activities for which it was established.Although they are expected to be accountable for their school budgets, many of them can not effectiv ely do so. This, in the long run, ends up affecting the

Critical summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

Critical summary - Essay simulationThis trend towards political despotism guide to the fall of the Ming Dynasty. The Ming dynasty had an all-powerful emperor with no real region for their regional aristocracy. The dynasty experienced administrative paralysis due to debilitating court factionalism and decline in purplish leadership. If a regional branch of government is not taken seriously, problems like peasant rebellion and invasion are likely to occur. This leads to the fall of any government. Constant invasion by the rebel army led by Li zicheng made emperor Weizong hang himself signifying the end of the Ming Dynasty.This section examines the management problems of dynasties. It, therefore, connects to other separate of the chapter that addresses the rise and fall of other Chinese dynasties. Generally governments that their despotism continues unabated usually oppress their subjects. Governments, therefore, learn to be considerate of their subjects, they need to serve them e qually to gain their trust and support for them to rule for a long period of time. The governments, therefore, needs to identify the possible fundamental reasons for failures to ensure that theytake a modethat best suits their subjects to enhance their

FedEx's best Customer Services Practices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

FedExs best Customer Services Practices - screen ExampleAs the report declares FedEx was able to develop crucial customer value by making every courier transaction easy and fast, not only in terms of package deliveries only when in terms of the comprehensive service to customers from point of contact, point of sales to the actual client elaboration in the obstetrical delivery process. The move was borne out of the companys experience in regard to the measure and sheer quantity of news report work that clients and FedEx employees alike must deal with from the package forms, billing paper work and customer statements. The entire process became so tedious that it already became a burden. FedEx invested an exorbitant count of money to computerize its operation and integrate the internet in its overall business strategy.This paper stresses that the clay automatically calculates whether commitment to the customer was met by comparing ship date and service type to delivery date an d time. In FedExs website, for instance, a customer can login to his account and access learn where his or her package, with several best practices options such as a link to an online customer service support. The goal is to raise appropriate tools that enable front-line employees to improve their personal performance using the information in FedExs long databases. This process is also characterized by the systems capability to aggregate information according to location, geographical unit.

How is Chinas economy growing so crazy, and how it affects the world as well as China Essay Example for Free

How is Chinas economy evolution so crazy, and how it affects the beingness as well as China EssayAbstractIn this case study, I will be doing research on how is Chinas economy growing so crazy, and how it affects the world as well as China. You will alike see cause their economy is growing so fast and what argon the challenges they are facing right now and the future.IntroductionThe Republic of China has overtaken lacquer as worlds second largest economy, after United States, Japan had held the 2nd position since 1968. In 2016 or earlier, International Monetary Fund (IMF) claims Chinas economy surpassing US, the era of the States economy leadership will be over. Its average grow rate is about 10% for pass 30 years, making them as the worlds fastest growing economy. China has also climbed to the worlds largest exporter and second largest importer in the world. China has considerable economic weaknesses like low income levels, pick depletion and high unemployment, whereas the U.S. has comparable strengths and is poised to remain a global leaderWhy is their economy growing so fast?The reason why their economy is growing dramatically, we will realise to start from 1978, when the government executed a bunch of strategies for economy reform. These programs are including, encouraged rural enterprises, private businesses, liberalized foreign trade, investment, little control over prices, invested in industrial yield, educate their workforce. Their economy had an annual growth of 6% initially, and greenback of 17 percent, plus every capital income was quadruple in last 15 years. In 1997, roughly experts had already predicted that the China economy would sure be bigger than the US in less than 20 years. Here is IMF research team conclusion New factories, manufacturing machines, communication systems and the amount of Chinese workers, increase in productivity were the factors that putting them as one of the strongest economy country. image02.jpgAutomobile In dustryChina was rank trio in the automobile industry by 2006 after Japan and US. During the reform, their automotive productions were less than 14000 yearly. Guess what? By 2002 their production jumped all the way up to 3.25 one thousand million And 2009, it reached to 14 million. In 2009, China passed the States to become come up 1 car maker worldwide. Domestic sales stayed with production, in 2006 8 million of cars were sold, which includes 5 million passenger cars and 2 million of commercial cars which shows how low price they sold their cars. The vehicles industry has been so in(predicate) in China so they begin to target exporting body parts worldwide in 1999.China has made a big step planning to get involved into image03.pngautomobile export business in 2005. In 2004, 15 major oversees automotive manufacturer plants in China. By 2003 China exports cost of 5 cardinal with unit of 80000 vehicles and parts, 174000 units in 2005 and 350000 units in 2006. Their goal is to reac h at least of 80 billion US dollars by 2010. image04.pngNatural ResourcesCoalCoal is one of the more or less important natural resources for China, the most conserves mineral resources are considered to be coal and iron ore. Although they can be found in nearly most of the provinces, almost all of them are dictated in the northern part of China. A lot of good quality coals like bituminous coal are largely reserved in China, Anthracite coals also present in some areas but its quite rare overall, thats mostly found in Rocky Mountain. Coal helps the bulk of Chinas might consumption (75% in 2006), which led them again the worlds largest producer/consumer of coal. China usage of coal will be increasing dramatically as their economy continues to rise in absolute terms. If China keep increasingly rely on coal as a power consumption, it is going to put them becoming largest acid- precipitate causing sulfur dioxide and greenhouse gases.Oil and gasChina oil color resources are also majo rly turn up in north area provinces types of oil include Oil shale and light oil. They uses up most of their oil output but doesnt export any crude oil products, they are starting to civilize oil deposits in China Seas and other oceans. Amount of natural gas reserves is unknown because they have only done a little exploration job on natural gases, Szechuan province accounts the most known natural gas reserves and production.Hydroelectric resourcesChina has a great hydroelectric production due to their great river network and the mountainous terrain. A lot of the hydroelectric stations are located in the southwest of the country where low amount of coals are found but demand for energy is high. The potential of energy in north is small but the first hydroelectricity power station was built there by the Japanese during the occupation. In the winter, they have lower amount of rainfall, therefore, the stations are normally run less than the normal capacity, on other hand, flood alway s occur in the summer.What are the challenges that China is facing?High InflationInflation is unquestionably one of the most challenges globally, but it is definitely the worse disaster for China that other countries. For clothes, the costs jumped 1.5% in April, it is the biggest up since 1997. For non-food, it didnt have that much(prenominal) of different but it was still about 3%. For food, the price has inflated 11% on April

Bachelor of Arts Essay Example for Free

Bachelor of Arts Essay1.1 FedEx Corporation OverviewFedEx Corporation abides customers and businesses creative activitywide with a solely-inclusive portfolio of transportation, e-commerce and business services. With annual r counterbalanceue of US$ 27 billion, the company offers integrated business application by operating companies competing collectively and managed collaboratively, under the respected FedEx firebrand. Consistently ranked among the worlds most admired and trusted employers, FedEx inspires its oft than 250,000 employees and contractors to remain absolutely, positively focussed on safety, the elevatedest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and comm unit of measurementies. 1.2 Strategic InitiativesCurrently, with its exposure to inconstant fuel prices, high capital expenditures, and thin margins, FedEx suffer not stand up to the rigorous dominion maker quantitative criteria, solely its brand power is a perfect example of a sustainable competitive advantage. FedEx ships over 3 million packages a day. Along the route, those packages, the planes that carry them, the trucks that deliver them, and the people that grip them leave impressions on customers. FedEx recognizes that with every box it delivers and every person that delivers it, a brand impression is made. provoker equity is certainly significant to FedEx since its products and services atomic number 18 less differentiated in this fast changing dynamic competitive market. To remake the incarnate image in order to extend and enhance its brand equity is whiz of the key strategic initiatives that has initiated by the management of FedEx Corporation recently.Other strategic initiatives are to focus on the growth of core package business and supply chain capabilities, and growth through e-commerce and technology, and new services and alliances.2. invent OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM2.1 HRMS of FedExFedEx Human Re cums develop policies, p rograms and procedures that not only attract, but also retain the most qualified, talented and diverse employees. To this end, Human elections crap implemented successful recruitment, development and Employee relation programs. The Corporate HR function consists of 45 employees who provide sympathetic resources show hold for the entire FedEx Organization. The overall headcount for this team has not changed in over four years even though the employee base has grown by greater than 30%.Most key programs are united to the companys diversity strategy to build cherishand manage a diverse raceforce that reflects the rich flux of persons available in the Communities. The HR team regularly attends diversity recruiting career fairs and supports both local and home(a) institutions committed to the development of women and minorities.HR has sought to automate and interpose electronic touches, in order to contour its various staff function. These include the introduction of an ele ctronic company wide web based inborn Career Opportunities Program (ICOP), that provides employees any cartridge holder/anywhere access to available opportunities within the company.Employees can search, apply and be notified of rough positions within the organization by logging on to the site. Managers, can also initiate the employment process and draw approval electronically via an on-line employment requisitioning process. The major obstacle that needed to be intercommunicate in the alignment of these two major programs was accessibility, communication and education. Employees were encouraged to submit their personal profiles so that they could receive automatic notifications from the system when positions for which they qualified became available.FedEx has developed a proactive staffing model for its facilities. This program allows the Field organization to add management staffing before the need exists. Recruiting, sourcing and training are done 20 weeks before the single is expected to begin their career as a service manager.By accessing the HR website, both employees and Managers can obtain a wide variety of cultivation geared to keep their employment information current, provide easy access to employment information (employee handbook) as rise up as provide access to benefits information and employee centered programs. Online access to the HR Web is available from home and work to all employees.2.2 VRIO Framework synopsisValueFedEx managers stress that they are a people-first organization. The corporate philosophy statement sums up their view of the source of competitive advantage battalion-Service-Profit. FedEx discovered a long time ago that customer satisf consummation sincerely begins with employee satisf follow up. In other words, the FedEx philosophy is that people are the primary link in the value chain, and thus, value is created by focusing on employees first.RarenessFedEx value and capitalize on the differences of their employees wi th diversity education programs such as Gender Speak, Delivering Diversity, Introducing Diversity, and Valuing Differences. One of its most successful programs RESPECT provides a process where employees can work together to resolve their differences. Therefore, it would exercise tremendous potential to exploit the rare characteristics of its employees for competitive advantage.ImitabilityFedEx worked closely with the University of Memphis, ceremonious the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private collaboration knowing to advance world-class interdisciplinary investigate and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce. The company has more than 219,000 employees globally and expects the alliance entrust help develop a highly skilled recruitment pocket billiards.OrganizationFedEx is committed to fostering an employee focused culture. It has a well-developed and thoroughly deployed management evaluation system, which involves a survey of employees, analysis of each work groups results by the work groups manager, and a discussion between the manager and the work group to develop written action plans for the manager to improve and locomote more effective. Data processed are aggregated at all levels of the organization for use in policymaking. Employees are free to share their opinions with management and in turn, work towards the closing of internal issues within their department by participating on their action planning teams.3.EMPLOYEE SKILL, MOTIVATION, JOB DESIGN WORK STRUCTURESFedEx has a clear finale to have people who are committed, motivated and well trained. here are some of the tools and techniques that they have developed3.1 SelectionFedEx Corp is proactive targeting of candidate sources leads to a richer pool of applicants and enables company to reach better candidates faster. They worked closely with the University of Memphis, established the FedEx Institute of Technology, a unique public-private col laboration designed to advance world-class interdisciplinary research and introduce a new generation of highly skilled graduates to the workforce.FedEx had created a multi-national, multi-lingual recruitment assessment system in identifying candidates most suited to the jobs on offer and loose of operating to the companys global standards and values.3.2 FedEx Compensation Rewarding SystemFedExs bonus program is driven by goal sharing. This program encourages employees to achieve strategic goals by basing individual bonus levels on corporate and business unit goals, up to 10% of an employees total compensation. FedExs formula for calculating bonuses includes corporate variables such as contributed operating margin, corporate ROE, net sales, customer returns, shipped kilometers and total unit cost.Putting people first means that FedEx is dynamic in both reward and recognition. For hourly paid staff the pay is geared to individual motion. However, to encourage fair team working, th ere is also a team based topper Practice Pays element. The pay for performance of salaried staff is based upon measures relating to the companys key philosophy.3.3 Performance ReviewsFedEx is a very performance-based company. Every person knows upfront what his performance objectives are and he also knows upfront what he can earn. So the crux of People Service People is a fairly laborious performance management and compensation system. If a person fails in his performance, then the person does not get disciplined, but he gets pulled into a constructive action plan.Employees are encouraged to identify their weaknesses through a personal development programme (PDP). These could be habitual things like communication skills or dealing with conflicts in the workplace. FedEx has an online training library with 600 courses on things like leadership, stick out management skills, even something as basic as presentation skills. Employees can log in and take any course, but need to pass.3.4 Staff SurveyThe annual staff survey is considered to be one of FedExs biggest business improvement tools. A total of 32 questions are answered electronically in business time over a period of two weeks and participation has increase from 97% to 98%.4. PRODUCTIVITY, CREATIVITY discretionary EFFORTBy competing collectively under the FedEx banner, FedEx in service companies benefit from one of the worlds most authenticated brands. FedEx is one of the most trusted and a respected brand in the world and its brand pretend is a powerful sales and marketing tool. Among the many temperament awards FedEx conventional during 2004, FedEx ranked seventh in corporate reputation on The Wall Street Journals Harris Interactive/Reputation Institute RQ Gold Survey, and for the trinity consecutive year, FedEx ranked in the top ten of FORTUNE magazines Americas Most prize Companies and Worlds Most Admired Companies lists.FedEx is the only transportation company and one of the very few companies o verall to rank this highly in all three reputation surveys. FedEx ranked highest in customer satisfaction in the University of Michigan occupancy School National Quality Research Centers American Customer Satisfaction Index in the mailboat words category. Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., the worlds largest retailer, also selected FedEx as the recipient of its Carrier of the Year award. BusinessWeek recognized FedEx Kinkos in the magazines Web anguish 50 report for the companys innovative use of Internet technology to transform business processes and reduce costs.FedEx is well recognized as a leader, not only in the transportation industry and technological innovation, but also in social and environmental responsibility and corporate governance. Along with a strong reputation among customers and the general public, FedEx is widely acknowledged as a great place to work. In 2004, FedEx was listed among FORTUNEs 100 Best Companies to Work for in America, a list that FedEx have made every year it has been published.It is FedEx people-FedEx greatest asset-that transmit FedEx it strong reputation. In addition to superior physical and information networks, FedEx has an exemplary human network, with more than 240,000 employees and contractors who are absolutely, positively focused on safety, the highest ethical and professional standards and the needs of their customers and communities. Through FedEx internal Purple counter and human-centered Award programs, FedEx recognize and reward employees who enhance customer service and promote human welfare.5. better OPERATING PERFORMANCEAs discussed previously, new strategic role for HRM is very significant for the organizations advancement. System idea among the line and HR manger is the first step. The performance management and incentive compensation system essential define desire employee behavior and reward those behaviors in meaningful way when goals are achieved.Almost 50% of all FedEx spending goes to employee pay and b enefits. Many Special Awards to recognize employees performancei) Bravo Zulu award for swell performance beyond normal job expectations.ii) Golden Falcon award for exceptional customer service.iii) Humanitarian Award recognition for human welfare above and beyond work or community standards.iv) magician/Superstar Award a lump sum merit based award for top performers.v) five Star Awards the highest award for enhancing service, utilityability and the spirit of teamwork.Deadly combination and powerful connection are harm to describe the effects of an organization policy of promotion from within on secure performance. But in all probability not be present in every firm or even most of firms. So the only way that the organization can hope to identify the HR system properly is to exact system perspective, which means business priorities drive the development of the HRM system.6. PROFITS AND GROWTHBase on the FedEx back quarters Fiscal 2005 financial report (six months ended November 2004), it shows that FedEx has adapted an effective and efficient HRM system, which has brought up the corporations profit and growth. This is evidential by the following financial analysis-i) revenue enhancementThere is a 23% Revenue growth compare to the finale 2nd quarter financial year 2004. The revenue has increased from US$11,607 billion to US$14,309 billions in this 2nd quarter fiscal year 2005. FedEx announced that they would expect to have Group Revenue of US$ 27 billions this fiscal year 2005, which is a 9.5% growth.ii) Salary Employee benefits CostHowever, in term of Human Resources cost, we can see from the report that it is only an increase of 14%. Compare to 23% increase in revenue. The increase is justifiable.iii) Net ProfitFedEx has shown a 212% increase in the Net Income this fiscal year compare with last 2nd quarter, from US$219 millions to US$684 millions, despite the roaring up of oil color price, which is also one of the major operating cost, in t his year. Their profit result is definitely considered outstanding.iv) Diluted Earning Per donationObviously, with the high increase of the net income, the diluted earning per share is automatically increase by 210% compare to last 2nd quarter. It is definitely a kind of the positive effect of the HR- Stakeholders value relationship.v) Revenue generated per EmployeeBased on the US$27 billions Group Revenue generated by the total 250,000 number of employees in FedEx, we will be able to see that the revenue per employee generated is nearly US$108,000. Which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, who has an annual turnover of US$30 billions and 370,000 employees worldwide, and the revenue generated per employee is only US$81,081. The productivity is much better. This has shown the efficiency and effectiveness of the HRM system.7. MARKET VALUEFrom the study of FedEx Corps HRM system, it is undoubtedly that its HRM has strategically adopted high performance work system that creates real shareholder value. Such system has strengthened FedEx HR to become a strategic core competency and have an economically significant effect on firm performance. This also generates the transformation from HRM to human capital management and hence becomes to be a competitive advantage.The concordant increased profits and growth as shown in the companys financial reports has also proved that FedEx HRM has created value and play an important role in the companys achievement and success.FedEx shareholder market value has increased continuously as shown clearly in its financial statements. However, companys HR market value has never been officially computed and shown in the financial statements. Based on the company productivity, FedExs each employee generates revenue of approximately US$108,000 quarterly, which is much higher than the world largest package delivery company UPS, whose per employee generates revenue of only about US$81,081 quarterly.8. CONC LUSIONFor FedEx, timing is everything. rescue on time is essential, and within FedEx, ensuring this performance every time, has meant the transition to systems that provide online, real-time connectivity, bringing meliorate business processes and increased productivity. With unrivalled logistics solutions, FedEx turned to its Human Resources function, to leverage its competitive advantage.In such a geographically diverse and disparate region, FedEx strives to manage its human capital by minimizing administrative burden and creating a culture of effective self-management. With employees spread across the Region, and in line with its organizations move to an Internet-centric company, FedEx was continuously looking for ways to empower its employees, and allow them to take control of some of their HR functions.Leveraging on PeopleSoft HRMS solution to effectively manage their human capital, it provided FedEx with the scalability and functionality they needed, to enable FedEx to move towards becoming a Real-Time Enterprise. FedEx employees were fully utilizing their self-service functions, and their HR staffs are now free to deliver a more strategic output to the business. They have increased the visibility of HR information to more effectively manage the enterprises most valuable resource human capital.APPENDIX A BIBLIOGRAPHYRelevant Reference Sites* www.fedex.com* www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/2003annualreport/* www.fedex.com/us/investorrelations/downloads/* www.fool.com/portfolios/rulemaker/2001/rulemaker010502.htm* www.incomesdata.co.uk/studies/hrmansystems.htm* www.stevieawards.com/pubs/awards/70_1438_8395.cfm* www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb001/is_200309/ai_hibm1G1107999043* healthproject.stanford.edu/koop/Federal%20Express/description.html* www.hoovers.com/fedex-corporation/ID__10552/free-co-factsheet.xhtml* online.wsj.com/ad/fedex/* moneycentral.msn.com/investor/research/profile.asp?Symbol=fdx* www.humanresourcesmagazine.com.au/articles/19/0 C029319.asp?Type=60Category=1162* www.bizjournals.com/memphis/stories/2004/08/09/daily3.html* www.quality.nist.gov/FederalExpress_90.htmEvaluation of the Stakeholder Value Relationship Model AssignmentBA361 Human Resource Management Page 2 of 12

Information Gathering Obu Essay Example for Free

Information Gathering Obu EssayEvery Research composing requires study as the basis for analysis. Information sources can be categorised as either primary or secondary information. There is no requirement for you to receive primary information at heart your Research Report it is wholly acceptable to undertake your Research Report use only secondary data. The difference surrounded by primary and secondary data is identified below. Primary data is original data that has been sedate by a researcher by whatever means appropriate in the answer of a ad hoc research question. . e. it has been collected specifically for the Research Report. Examples of primary data include questionnaires, interviews, e-mail contacts and surveys. If you decide to collect primary data as part of your research work, then you should state and reassert the avocation ? The data collection techniques you intend to wasting disease e. g. questionnaires, interviews. ? Your sample size and an outline of your sampling strategy. ? The method you will use to select your sample and the likely response rate.If you intend to collect primary data from module within your chosen organisation you must obtain permission to do this from a senior member of staff within the organisation. You should do this as early as possible during your Research Report, since if you are denied access to your want information sources you may have to reconsider how to meet your project objectives and research questions. Secondary data is data that has been collected by others for their own purposes, but which may be used by a researcher for his or her different purposes.Examples of secondary data include reference material, books, CD ROMs and pecuniary statements. You should always prise the appropriateness and relevance of secondary data sources. Information included in internet sources may non be reliable from an academic perspective and may not be appropriate for use in your Research Report. If you d ecide to use secondary data as part of your research work, you should state and justify your choice to do so. Where you use published secondary data you must provide precise references using the Harvard Referencing System.This is discussed in more detail in the following section. You must retain all of the information that you collected during your project work until you have received official notification of your RAP grade from Oxford Brookes University. This includes any questionnaire responses, copies of financial statements, extracts from journals, reports, magazines etc. Oxford Brookes University may wish to ask you to provide additional evidence of your information gathering following the marking of your Research and Analysis project.

Cartoon and Japanese Society Essay Example for Free

Car toon and japanese Society EssayJapans life sentence boom began in the summer of l977, when the movie Uchu Senkan Yamato (S rate cruiser Yamato) captivated teenagers and young adults to emerge as a major box-office hit. The success of this sci-fi gum anime prompted a fundamental shift in the cultural status of animation. scour before Space Cruiser Yamato, Japan had produced a considerable number of animated films, but they were primarily regarded as childrens fare or, at best, family entertainment the few adult-oriented animated movies were not successful commercially. Space Cruiser Yamato was the first anime to demonstrate that the medium need not restrict itself to kiddies fare. Following suit, from the late l970s, Japan put out a steady stream of animated films geared to young adults, including Ginga Tetsudo 999 (Galaxy Express 999) and Kido Senshi Gandamu (Mobile movement Gundam). Most of these were commercial successes as well, although critics dismissed these as ex ploitation films pandering to teenage taste.The attitude of film critics changed abruptly, however, with the 1984 set off of Kaze no Tani no Naushica (Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind), a film whose artistic quality was widely regarded as more(prenominal) than sufficient to h old the attention of adults. With this movie, writer-director Miyazaki Hayao overturned the conventional image of the anime director as a versatile hack, and was soon crowned as animes first genuine auteur. Of course, not all anime arise to the level of non-juvenile entertainment or art. In fact, in the late 1980s, with young adult anime exhibit signs of staleness, the focus began to revert to childrens films.Nevertheless, the genre never relinquished the commercial foothold it had gained during the young adult anime craze furthermore, Miyazaki began to enjoy a large degree of freedom in his filmmaking, as did several separate directors who subsequently achieved the status of anime auteur. The results of those efforts, particularly the anime produced by Miyazakis Studio Ghibli, are not apparently movies with high box-office potential they are in many instances artistically superior to the live-action films made in Japan, and they ask won growing legions of fans overseas.During the 1990s, animation, spearheaded by the work of a few anime auteurs, emerged as the face of Japanese film, positioning Japan as the worlds undisputed anime superpower. And in 1997 a full twenty age since anime took off animations preeminence over live-action films in Japan was more apparent than ever. In a matter of months after its release, Mononoke-hime (Princess Mononoke), Miyazakis latest film to date which was then alleged to be his last directorial effort, stone-broke every box-office record to be observe the biggest domestic movie hit of all time in Japan.In the languishing field of young adult anime, the avant garde sci-fi work Shin Seiki Evangerion (Neon Genesis Evangelion) scored a major box- office hit and won a huge cult following. Moreover, childrens anime are as popular as ever. In all, it appears that anime has taken center stage in the Japanese film industry, pushing live-action movies into the wings. Kenji (2002) opined that Animation became popular in Japan as it provided an alternative format of storytelling compared to the underdeveloped live-action industry in Japan.Unlike America, where live-action shows and movies have munificent budgets, the live-action industry in Japan is a small market and suffered from budgeting, location, and casting restrictions. The lack of Western-looking actors, for example, made it future(a) to impossible to shoot films set in Europe, America, or fantasy worlds that do not naturally deal Asians. The varied use of animation allowed artists to create characters and settings that did not look Japanese at all promptly a bit about how animation gets to wherever you are today.In the dusty yet not-so-long-ago time, when old cities be gan to get overweight and thus suburban areas started to be a new synonym for the term eyesore, the post-LSD contemporaries of the Northern hemisphere imported anime from the Land of the Rising Sun at approximately the pace of a snail-mail package sent from Alabama to Tibet. The riotous 1970s has just received enlightenment in this field of concern the quicker-witted Americans in the industry started to stop calling non-human-non-nature-non-animal motion pictures cartoons and have used the expression animation.Naturally the content of slim boxes of taped animation movies embarking there was then called Japanese animation, and for the public lavatory of those who tend to misspell anything more than three-lettered it was promptly squeezed into Japanimation, so no wonder that they still misspell it. Anyway, no derogatory wink was involved in the term Japanimation its just a matter of geoprofile for the product that has come in faster and in bulk during 1980s.The malicious intent i s not there, if you really are so paranoid about such things it is for instance in the term Japornimation, for which the Yoshiwara might have had an influence (i. e. raw sexually explicit and repulsively bloody anime movies). Meanwhile, in 1990s someone (probably the same mortal who snail-mailed from Alabama to Tibet) informed the Northerners that the Japanese themselves have always called the thing animation.From then on animation ofttimes replaces Japanimation in the lexicon, but it didnt blast the old word out of circulation usually attached to the Old rail of diehard, seasoned, loyal and zealous anime fans (otaku) among the Americans, it is still valid to use Japanimation today in any depicted object of generally useless elaboration such as this, plus the term anime is seen as too wide to refer to just the characteristic Japanese product anime could mean the entire luggage this planet must carry in the form of every kind of animation, including Beavis Butthead.

Police Training Essay Example for Free

Police Training EssayNowadays original educate is paid more attention as it is one of the best ways to increase mull commitment and enhance performance. I think that all police officers should have free access to full-dress and in chunk courses, seminars devoted to violent death investigation, interrelations, and criminal laws. The prep programs should cover also the principle of care and civil liability. Training plays crucial role in todays police work because homework ensures not only organizational efficiency, but also increases effectiveness and productivity of all police departments. It goes without look that it is hardly possible to except effective work from untrained police officers. Moreover, community doesnt experience safe if they realize that their police officers arent skillful and experienced enough to defend them when necessary. Nevertheless, state supporting isnt enough to solve training dilemma because of lack of money assigned to support training progr ams. Without money and proper funding it would be difficult to solve the problem.The purpose of training is to promote occupational and professional development of police department through specialized job-related programs. Nevertheless, training differs significantly from education because training is so-called study in the process. Education provides only theoretical background of the detail situations, whereas training develops hard-nosed skills and acquirements in real situations. However, I think that training is the second step after education as the officer should firstly realize the aspects of actions and only then should master his skills.Harry More defines training as something like an inchoate crime. He means that training is continuous process and cant be ever fully accomplished. Training is always a process. Education provides acquaintance and training applies it to unique(predicate) situations. The goals of trainings areTo improve police officers performances and jo b commitmentTo develop the sense of function in police officers.It is necessary to underline that training is designed to help individuals to cope better with ambitious duties and responsibilities. Simply saying, training helps to perform job better. Training is claimed to be unique because it suggests unity within particular organization. According to More and Miller, modern police training is based on the following philosophical foundations electropositive action is ensured when accompanied by acquired skills and motivationLearning process depends not only motivation and personal abilities, but also on the instructional methods, behavior of the trainers and the climate within departmentTraining is considered tripartite responsibilityTraining is continuous process requiring constant updating of skills and knowledge.Finally, it is important to document all formal and informal training because it helps to identify what type of training is actually needed. Documenting is defined as task abstract aimed at ensuring the relevance of training. While documenting it becomes possible to identify the tasks performed by the person who holds the position. Also documenting ensures easy sagacity of training programs. Tasks analysis helps police officers to determine whether the training program is professional enough to provide skills and knowledge required for particular job.In conclusion it is necessary to note that training develops the following professional skills in police officers interpersonal communication skills, perception and awareness, decision-making ad critical thinking, adaptability and definitiveness, oral and written communication skills.

A Separate Peace Essay Example for Free

A Separate Peace EssayIn the novel, A Separate Peace, by John Knowles the question is presented what is a true friend? The author challenges the question by manifesting two main characters, Finny and ingredient, to have a theatrical role of rivalry relationship. Finny is a self-confident, outgoing, and athletic person. Awhile on the other hand Gene is quiet, competitive, and intelligent person. Gene gains jealous thoughts which in the end provide their friendship too gradually to fall apart. The author creates a challenge that frustrates both Finny and Gene to test both side of their relationship. As an example the author shows Finnys fall in the climax of the book is due to Gene being jealous of him which then leads to Finnys tragic injury.I was not of the same quality as he. I couldnt stand this (Knowles 52). Gene was encircled with depression and major guilt. I feel that, with friendship there is always going to be green-eyed feelings towards the other party no matter wha t, just now not to a point of possibly injuring them or hurting them really bad.Another incident is when Gene wears Finnys clothes while he is acquire from his injury. This brings out the thought that Gene missed Finny and he had a feeling of l sensationness, but however he is also replacing him in his athletics.Listen, pal, if I sightt shape sports, youre going to play for me (Knowles 76). Due the past altercations, Gene will play for Finny, not only because he was the second high hat player but Finny was injured. So I guess you can say he qualifies for his replacement. This shows that in a friendship or relationship, when two friends have had an argument in the past that has lead to loneliness, an empty feeling, and non communication, but in the end this is the factors that makes a friendship stronger when they finally talk again for the first time in a long period of time and they both feel the love and welcoming type of feeling.The depart incident that occurs shows the tru e feelings of friendship illustrated by the author is, this is when Finny falls down the stairs andhe breaks his oarlock for the second time. But sadly in the end e eventually dies in surgery when the reinstate begins his procedure on Finnys leg to try to fix it. The doctor then explains that the marrow of the dress up escaped and went throughout his bloodstream leading to his heart killing him. Gene didnt cry for one reason, when he was at Finnys funeral, he felt as if this was his own.I could not escape a feeling that this was my own funeral, and you do not cry in that case(Knowles 184).Gene is mad at himself for endangering Finnys life by bouncing and unbalancing the tree branch as Finny leaped out towards the water and in the end unintentionally ending his Finneys life. John Knowles wrote the sad story of when friends obtain the feelings of envy or jealousy, on their journey to discover the true meaning of what they thought was a true friend. Their jealous cravings lead them to their tragedy and this is the major factor that brought their friendship to a end. The question What is a true friend? can only be answered in your opinion for there is no true definition of true friends because everyone is distinct and therefore think differently and has a different opinion on the subject.

An Online Business Expansion Proposal Essay Example for Free

An Online Business Expansion project EssayDancys Fancy butter is a local, singly owned and operated butter/spread. This business is turn up in Jacksonville Michigan. The operation started out from a simple request from a friend who wanted to taint the Garlic butter for a party. It was then that Anna Dancy realized the family and friends favorite dinner attachment was a possible money making venture. The actual business side was at first a bit taunting. Anna had never run her own business, nor had she worked in food service or distributing food. There was a lot to learn that went way beyond the product. She purchased a unsettled kitchen unit, and started creating her butter spreads. It was not long sooner the Health inspector paid her a visit.She was fortunate that she was giving solid advice as to how to move preceding with rules in running a food service business. The holdup was minimal and it gave her time to actually prep ar for bring her product to a larger customer base then family and friends. Farmers grocery stores are the primary selling place for Dancy Fancy Butter. The product is made and kept preserved in the mobile kitchen, and then Anna and family helpers travel thought out the Jacksonville region setting up at Farmers Markets. It has been a bully success. Now that she has a year under her belt, and with family and friends living outside of Jacksonville and the state of Michigan Anna Dancy had decided that she wants to look for expanding her internet presences and move into selling and shipping her product to a wider market.The avails in todays market for placing access to your product and services online are numerous. For Dancy Fancy Butter being online leave alone open up an opportunity for a larger population to see the products offered. There is an international customer base operational into Canada with the location of the company in Michigan.The possible challenges to mental synthesis an online presence for this company wi ll be insure there is up-keep for everything from the website through thesocial media outlets. The online presence is bound to bring in more clients, the significance will be made clear and the management of the online environment will align with the overall goal to be successful in this endeavor. Current Online CompetitionThe online completers that come up in a basic look for butter, butter spread and organic are, Home Earth Balance (http//www.earthbalancenatural.com/), Melt Up (http//www.meltdirectnow.com/), and Bryannas Vegan Butter (http//vegan.com/recipes/bryanna-clark-grogan/bryannas-vegan-butter/).Earth Balance is an off shoot of the Smart Balance products whose parent company is GFA Brands, Inc. so pull down though this is an natural butter spread, it is still a part of a large company. The website is well organized, and has some(prenominal) appealing features such as a Recipe section and Kitchen Tips. There is not a ecommerce or shopping cart, so the product is only av ailable in stores.The next company Melt Up is an organic butter spread. The website is very basic. It does have a shopping cart and ecommerce. The site offers a newsletter and runs and RSS syndication on its front page. This sight is a good set up if you are familiar with the product.The trey website like or close as a competitor is Bryannas Vegan butter. This site is connected to Vegan.com (http//vegan.com). It is more of a blog site. If the site does allow you to buy products, however it takes you off to Amazon to complete your purchase.This websites do have similar products as Dancy Fancy butter, however they are not homegrown, home town products. The advantage to Dancy Fancy butter is it will carry a local feel to all who visit the website.Online trade Suggestions and StrategiesThree online strategies that are planned for the rolling out Dancy FancyButter online expansion will be an email campaign, a Facebook group for the company and third will be content strategy of building Cooking Tips videos for the website.

Extended Marketing Mix Essay Example for Free

Extended Marketing Mix EssayLaunched on 3rd of October 2009 by the McLargonns Group which has been a name with great passion towards improvement of motor sports in Sri Lanka, zip upDrome (Pvt) Ltd. is every master/Go-karters heaven on earth. hardened amidst green pasture in close law of proximity to the parliament complex and Buddhadasa play ground in Battaramulla, pep pillrome is a fully equipped and profession every(prenominal)y fitted hotfoot track which includes 19 go-karts, computerized timing and scoring systems, professionally trained staff, designated spectator argonas and air-conditi singled VIP gallery, all for the sake of providing their customers with the best experience that they can polish offer. Go-karting may be look sharp Dromes main product further they havent stopped there as far as the pastime aspect is concerned, with a sports barroom and a luxurious lounge.These two excess advantages are provided for customers to host parties or whatsoever(pre nominal) corporate events. Speed Drome also has impartn an initiative in providing a swimming pool to ply to discerning corporate executives and high profile lifestyles. As for the little kids, Speed Drome has taken the liberty of creating a kiddies race track as well. To put it simply, Speed Drome aims to be not only when an attraction for Pro/Go-kart lovers everywhere but also to provide the entire family with leisure activities and entertainment. Speed Drome has gained much popularity ever since its launch, with an arrangement kart race in which the participation of Yoshitha Rajapaksa, Aravinda De Silva the former cricketer who is a keen fan of motor cars on with the lady racer S.A. Lakshika and Jackson Anthony were noted.Karting championships such as Speed Drome All Island Karting Championship Rounds 1-3 show off exactly what Speed Drome is all ab away as many professional formula ace drivers take part in these competitions exhibiting the real skill involved in Go/Pro-ka rting, while attracting even more(prenominal) potential customers and leading to other karting championships. Finally the major(ip) plus point for Speed Drome is the fact that it is the one and only Go/Pro-Karting facility in Sri Lanka as yet and with its added assets Speed Dromes future seems very dark-fruited with all the necessary standards being maintained.The Extended Marketing mixing1. ProductIn a return organization, the product is referred to the proceeds being delivered to the consumer which is intangible, inseparable, variable and perishable. The speed Drome (Pvt) Ltd. (Appendix 1) offers a variety of work which can be explained in terms of entertainment, leisure and experience. Their main focus is on providing their customers with the experience of real Pro-Kart racing (Appendix 2) and in addition to that other entertainment and leisure services are also provided such as the Kiddies track, (Appendix 3) the sports bar (Appendix 4) and the swimming pool (Appendix 5) a long with the Luxurious Lounge (Appendix 6).The nature of the service in terms of intangibility True services are intangible. Therefore when you leave Speed Drome there is only one depot or the experience that remains, which is riding a pro-kart at the only available place in Sri Lanka. just roughly elements are tangible such as the karts utilised, the swim pool etc., but the core benefit of the leveraging is not, and that is the sheer experience of riding a pro-kart and feeling its speed. Inseparability The service provided by Speed Drome is inseparable as the physical presence of a customer is essential in this service. However, with the help of its physical resources the overall service takes place when only the consumer that is the person interested in riding a pro-kart meets the service provider.Perishability Karting or any other service provided by the company must be consumed when offered. It cannot be produced now for consumption at a later stage / time nor can they be held or stocked because the value of this service exists at the point when it is required. Variability This service is highly variable because Speed Drome is the only service provider for kart racing in Sri Lanka currently. It has its very own standardized quality which cannot be competed with another form of entertainment service, as it provides a unique and an incomparable experience.The above mentioned characteristics define the services they provide which attract youngsters and ex-serviceman drivers alike.2. PricePricing is one of the most important merchandise mix decisions and it is the only marketing mix variable that generates revenues. Speed Drome (Pvt) Ltd. is a profit and cost oriented organization.Their main objectives are to* Maximize their profits,* strike a target return on investment,* Recover investment costs over a special(prenominal) time period And to,* Generate volume so as to drive down costs.Speed Drome doesnt pursue the status quo or sales oriented objec tives as it is the only organization specializes in this definite industry in Sri Lanka. Due to the same reason Speed Drome follows the price skimming strategy. Their prices for all the services are relatively high (even though they dont have competitors in the same industry) compared to the other entertainment forms in the market. This is due to the service quality, image and to prevent competitors enter the market easily.The following are the current prices attached to the services being provided by Speed Drome* Pro-Karting/ Go-Karting (10 minutes) Rs. 750* able Hours Karting (every Tuesday 3pm-8pm) Rs. 500* Swimming pool charges (unlimited) per person Rs. 450* Membership Benefits* Membership free Rs.15000* Rs. 750 tickets for Rs.500* Kart trainer amount Rs.1500 for Rs.1000* Members can use pool free, additional guest with members charged only Rs. 250 each* 10% discount for corporate package with fully use of pool and entertainment area. Additionally the race fees, special ev ent fees and training programme fees are charged.3. levelThe place part of the marketing mix is where the customer receives the service or where the service is located. Speed Drome is Located in close proximity to the Parliament Complex and Bhuddhadasa Play Ground, in Battaramulla. It has situated itself around major cities such as Colombo, Rajagiriya, Nugegoda and Pitakotte which are all highly residential areas have all been thought out very carefully by Speed Drome management prior to construction. This is to boost their target market which is basically the upper class of community because although the cost for riding a Go-Kart (which is something very rare to do in Sri Lanka) seems reasonable as far as the cost for maintaining the Karts and equipment needed go, Unfortunatelythough for the majority of Sri Lankans the price to pay for such an experience is highly unreasonable.The area in which the Arena (or facility) has been built on is extremely large and compliments the Track very well and to add to this the lush scenery border the Speed Drome gives this track a unique feel to it. Speed Domes location has one more major benefit which is that its just a drive away not only from the cities surrounding it but also from other major cities in the district like Colombo and Dehiwala etc. Over all the decision to build Speed Drome where it is an extremely well thought and strategic social movement which has shown and is yet to keep bringing in results.4. PromotionPromotions have become a critical factor in in the service marketing mix. Services are easy to be duplicated and hence it is generally the trademark which sets a service apart from its counterpart. As mentioned under the topic Place Speed Dromes marketing mix carters to a selected segment, which is known as Niche marketing. Its service is all about providing entertainment for those who believe the need for speed. What better way to communicate about this sheer experience which can be gained at onl y one place in Sri Lanka other than promoting the service? The obvious competitive advantages Speed Drome possesses are* Service DifferentiationThe only facility that provides karting experience in Sri Lanka.* Image DifferentiationKarts which are only available at Speed Drome in Sri Lanka and the unique logo itself distinguish the service provided.How Speed Drome gets through to the customerThe main objective of Speed Drome is to make the potential customers well aware about their new service. Hence the following methods are mainly used to promote their service-* Weekly offered special karting hours* Happy Hours Every Tuesday from 3pm-8pm(Rs.750 tickets at Rs.500)(Appendix 7)* Karting competitions* Thank God its Race Day Competition (Appendix 8)* All Island Karting Championship (Appendix 9,10)* expounding kart races of celebrities (Appendix 11)* Publications* News Paper advertisementsEx Daily Mirror, Sunday Times, Sunday Observer* MagazinesEx Things to do in Colombo, Esteem, Hi etc .* Online Advertising* Social network groupsEx The official Facebook Group with latest updates. chirp etc.

Scientific Method and Participant Observation Essay Example for Free

Scientific Method and histrion Observation EssayIn the article, Researching Dealers and Smugglers, Patricia Adler discusses her and her husbands experience exploitation participant observation to cop data from drug dealers and the problems this qualitative mode brought. A qualitative method foc affairs on collecting rich, non-statistical data. This method involves face-to-face interviews and actual participation with the group being researched. The Adlers use this method because it is almost impossible to run across accurate information on people who smuggle drugs.This is true because they are such private and profitless people. The only way to get the real facts is if the smugglers trust the person. Unfortunately, participant observation brought problems such as the dealers and smugglers being under the influence or freeing through drug withdrawal during the interviews and the Adlers meld their overt and covert roles. The Adlers chose participant observation because they found that using this method allowed them to acquire the most in-depth and rich data than any another(prenominal) method.If criminals like dealers and smugglers were given a survey, it would not work out because they are not just going to tell the truth and risk getting caught by the police. They are specific with who they give information to, so the Adlers had to show them that they could be trusted. They could not have done that with without using participant observation. Although there were many aspects roughly the Adlers that made them and the research method they used convenient, there were overly close to risks they had to take.While doing research, the Adlers encountered some problems using this method, one of which was interviewing the dealers and smugglers while they were under the influence of either marihuana or cocaine. In addition, the participants were sometimes withdrawal symptoms, so they were not able to interview properly. Patricia mentions how marijuana a nd cocaine had different effects on the interviewees. She states, marijuana was unproductive for a number of reasons Often people became disordered, sleepy, or involved in eating to variable degrees. On the other hand, cocaine assisted the research procedure by making the dealers feel more than comfortable. Cocaine also helped the dealers open up easy. During the interviews, some dealers experienced withdrawal symptoms. It caused them to become malicious with individually other or towards the Alders without any warning. The way the Alders solved this problem was by taking precautions when interacting with the dealers.The cocaine use was not a problem for the Adlers, but they most likely dealt with the marijuana issue quite easily since Patricia does not specifically explain how it was solved. In addition, there was another problem the Adlers encountered. The Adlers also found that mixing the overt and covert roles with the members of the group throughout the investigation was a nother issue. Since the Adlers had different level relationships with every individual, some of the dealers were aware that they were a part of a research project while others were not aware.This sometimes confused the Adlers. Patricia states, They the informants would made occasional veiled references in front of people, especially when loosened by intoxicants, that made us extremely uncomfortable. This issue made the couple uncomfortable because they did not want to blow their cover. Patricia and Peter Adler also feared that the participants would think they are police. Peter and Patricia Adler solved this issue by take the necessary safety measures so anyone they did not want to find out.The Adlers encountered various problems while utilizing this qualitative method. They had troubles such as mixing their covert and overt roles and dealing with some of the smugglers and dealers being intoxicated. Therefore this investigation became very risky, but Patricia and her husband finali zed by collecting all the data needed. The Adlers also resolved their problems in a cautious way utilizing patience, precaution, and demythologised and clever thinking. The couple definitely learned a lot throughout the experiment and got more than they pass judgment going through it.

Classrooms learning environment Essay Example for Free

Classrooms acquirement environment Essay1.1 Many things combine to create a affiliaterooms reading environment. This atomic number 50 be on an individual or environmental reckon impacting positive or negative on breeding, efficient or inefficient. Much of this depends on the plans you develop in placement to negociate with situations that affect this environment. The list below looks at severally of these things in order to aid teachers better register how to ensure that they be creating a positive culture environment for all scholars and eliminate negativity.Teacher BehaviorsThe offshoot factor a teacher should set is his t iodine for the correctroom setting. As a teacher you should be even-tempered, fair with your students, and have a rule enforcement that which will set a high standard for your classroom. other example is, Are you humorous? Are you able to take a joke? Are you pungent? Are you an optimist or a pessimist? All of these and other personal ch aracteristics will shine through in your classroom and affect the look out environment.Student OwnershipThe befriend factor is when displaying of essays, poems, projects, and exams dominate the walls, on that point is student ownership of the room. When they look around and see their own authorship and thinking, or posters they certainly experience a higher level of comfort because they see that they as students created them.Classroom SetupThe get-go environmental factor here is the room lay come forward. A Horseshoe or U shape environment allows eye conform to with the teacher and participate amongst the students and room lay bulge should non just be set up by the tally of people required, provided by the event. The key factors is where is the centre of attention. Do people invite to interact with each other. Do you want people in groups without having to move them around. The teacher is able to move easily with learners, the students argon able to the demonstration. Ho wever, interaction and team earn ar much easier in a culture environment where students sit together.Aspects of develop on LearningAdult learners have already been partly educated through life experiences. Adults have much experiences, take issueent kinds of experiences, and that these experiences are organized variantly. . According to Knowles (1980), 1 heavy(a)s derive much of their self- identity from their past(a) experiences. In that respect, they are much different from youths who tend to view themselves largely from external sources. Because of this factor, adult learners place a great deal of value on their experiences and if they cannot use those experiences, or, if those experiences are rejected, it whitethorn feel like to being rejected as an individual. Related to this is the fear of failure that an adult learner may hold to the classroom, particularly if this is a new environment where they might fear further rejection from their peer group (Kennedy, 2003) 2 or their teacher.1.2 Create a positive acquirement environmentBuild self-esteem and self-efficacyStudents determination and look that they can achieve their goals are important factors in their persistence in ongoing learning. Adult learners may have negative feelings about themselves due to failure experienced in their lives, due to dropping out of school, losing a job, or not being able to read or write well rich to complete a job application or read to their children . Ensure that students experience success at their first meeting so the first experience is a positive one. It may be trance to start with material that is slightly below the students level.Be patient Patience is an super important characteristic for any teacher or tutor of adults. Adults can often take a longer time in the learning process because of various learning barriers, but this does not concoct they arent motivated to learn. Accept your student as he/she is and respect his/her values even if they diffe r from yours. Believe in your student and he/she will begin to believe in him/herself. Memorize the names of all your students within the first week of instruction. Use students names frequently. If your students are English learners, learn a few key phrases in their native languages to model that it is acceptable to struggle with pronunciation and language learningIdentified needA slighton plan is the teachers road map of what students need to learn and how it will be done effectively during the class time. Before you plan your lesson, you will first need to identify the learning objectives for the class meeting. Then, you can design appropriate learning activities and develop strategies to obtain feedback on student learning. A successful lesson plan addresses and integrates these three key componentsObjectives for student learningTeaching/learning activitiesStrategies to check student apprehensivenessSpecifying concrete for student learning will help you determine the kinds of dogma and learning activities you will use in class, while those activities will define how you will check whether the learning objectives have been met.Principles of adult learningThe Manual of Learning Styles, by Peter Honey and Alan Mumford (1992). Provides an introduction to learning bearings with advice on how to administer and interpret The Learning Styles Questionnaire. Learning styles can be influenced by past experiences, education, work and the learning situation. It is important to recognise that they are not fixed but may be able according to context and what is being learned. Nevertheless nigh people still favour one style of learning. Knowles identified the six principles of adult learning outlined below. Adults are internally motivated and self-directedAdults represent life experiences and knowledge to learning experiencesAdults are goal orientedAdults are relevancy orientedAdults are practicalAdult learners like to be respectedPart of being an effective educato r involves understanding how adults learnbest (Lieb,1991). Andragogy (adult learning) is a theory that holds a set of assumptions about how adults learn. Andragogy emphasises the value of the process of learning. It uses approaches to learning that are problem-based and collaborative rather than didactic, and also emphasises more equality between the teacher and learner. Andragogy as a study of adult learning originated in Europe in 1950s and was then pioneered as a theory and model of adult learning from the 1970s by Malcolm Knowles an American practitioner and theorist of adult education, who defined andragogy as the art and science of helping adults learn (Zmeyov 1998 Fidishun 2000).Resource availabilityEquipment/MaterialsWhiteboard, Smart board, PowerPoint, toss away chart, Laptop, Marker pens, OHP, previously created resources, and hand outsAppropriate assessment methods.Defining Formative and Summative AssessmentsThe terms constructive and summative do not have to be difficu lt, yet the definitions have become confusing in the past few years. This is especially true for formative assessment. In a balanced assessment system, both summative and formative assessments are an integral part of information fall ining. Depend too much on one or the other and the reality of student achievement in your classroom becomes unclear.Steps for preparing a lesson planOutlining learning objectivesThe first step is to determine what I needed the students to learn and be able to do at the end of class. To specify my objectives for student learning I questioned myself.Firstly what is the military issue of the lesson?second what do I want them to understand and be able to do at the end of class? Thirdly what do I want them to take away from this particular lesson? Managing class time and accomplishing the more important learning objectives in case I am pressed for time. I considered these questions. What are the most important concepts, ideas, or skills I want students to be able tograsp and apply? Why are they important?If I ran out of time, which ones could not be omitted?And conversely, which ones could I skip if pressed for time?The second step is to develop the introduction in order of importance, using specific activities so that students can add-on the knowledge and apply what they have learned. There will be a diverse body of students with different academic and personal experience, they may be already familiar with the number.Presenting the lesson plan, to let my students know what they will be learning and doing in class I betrothd with them and on track. Shared my lesson plan by writing a brief agenda on the board telling students explicitly what they will be learning and doing in class. Outlined on the board and gave out hand outs as their learning objectives for the class. Time can help students not only remember better but also follow the presentation and class activities. Visible agenda on the board will also help me and students sta y on track.The first thing you can do is ask a question to gauge students knowledge of the subject or possibly, their preconceived ideas. For Example How many of you have heard of Meditation? What can you share or experienced. If there was enough time prior to presentation date I would have had a chance to gather background information from the students via electronic survey or asking them to write comments, this additional information allows one to deliver, shape the introduction, learning activities and familiarise with the topic and I can then have a scent out of what to focus on. The introduction topic must be stimulating, interesting and encourage thinking. To engage students I utilize a variety of approaches.Whilst introducing the topic mentally I began to check whether students know anything about the topic or have any preconceived ideas about it. What are some of the commonly held ideas or misconceptions about this topic meditation that students might be familiar with. Wha t will I do to introducethe topic? readying the specific learning activities in the main body of the lesson. I prepared several different shipway of explaining the material to catch the attention of more students and appeal to different learning styles, by giving out the hand outs, For Example I talked about a personal incident in Meditation, an historical event, thought provoking dilemma, real world examples, a short music play, pictures to visualise, a statue to show posture in Mediation, a candle lit, quotes to probe questions.I began mentally estimating how much time I will strike down on each examples and activities. Built in time for extended explanation or discussion, but apace moved on to different applications or problems. I thought of questions such as What will I do to illustrate the topic in a different way? How can I engage students in the topic? What are some relevant real life examples, analogies or situations that can help students gain knowledge on the topic? Wh at will students need to do to help them understand the topic better?Plan to check for understanding, check to see student understanding, how do I know the students are learning. Writing them down, paraphrasing them so that you can ask the question in a different style. Deciding on whether you want students to respond orally or writing.As a conclusion I should go oer the material covered in class by summarizing the main points of the lesson. This can be done in a number of ways. For Example by saying, Today we talked about.? as a student to restart them or get them to write down on a piece of paper the main points covered.Reflecting on my lesson planI found that after delivering my lesson plan it came across I could have been outstanding at delivering my plan if I had arranged most of my plan with a beginners, intermediate and advanced levels and the group did not get much time to do a group exercise. However this did not discourage me but instead it has encouraged me to reflect on what worked well and why, what I couldhave done differently, identifying successful and less successful class time.I thought I shall use more resources such as students feedback, peer observation, viewing a videotape of my teaching and consultation with my tutor. As a reflection this assignment provided me with a general outline of my teaching goals learning objectives and means to accomplish them. It has become a reminder of what I want to do and how I want to do it. In my opinion a productive lesson is not one in which everything goes exactly as planned, but one in which both students and the teacher learn from each other.