Mother of 1084

The influence M early(a) of 1084 (1997) is the original translation of Mahasweta Devis Bengali consortHajar Churashir Ma that has the best illustrations for the marginalized category. The neglected and suppressed plight of the womanhood is represented by Sujata Chatterjee, acquire of the p degeneracyagonist of the play Brati Chatterjee whose ideology i. e. , inscription to the revolutionary and Communist Naxalite operation has labe conduct him as a rebel, and conduct to his ruthless killing by the patrol in an encounter.In the play Mother of 1084 Sujata Chatterjee, a traditional apolitical upper middle class lady, an employee who awakens one early morning to the shattering immatures that her youngest and favourite tidings, Brati, is finesse dead in the police morgue bearing the corpse no 1084. Her efforts to understand her sons revolutionary activism lead her to reflect on her own alienation from the complacent, hypocritical, bourgeois society against which he had rebel led. The play moves around Sujata, a middle-aged woman belonging to a bhadralok, middle class Calcutta family.Born into a conservative, affluent family, Sujata is advised to pursue her B. A. so that it helpers her marriage prospects, entirely is in conclusion married off to Dibyanath Chatterjee, a chartered accountant, despite his unsound monetary situation. In thirty-four geezerhood of their married life, Sujata gives birth to four children, 2 sons (Jyoti and Brati) and two young ladys (Nipa and Tuli). When the novel opens, two of her children are already married, Jyoti to Bina and Nipa to Amrit.In the eyeball of the world, all of them are leading perfectly happy and settled lives, but as Sujata goes on to discover later, that this happiness is exclusively superficial. Significantly, Sujata makes several other discoveries, only by and by the sudden and mysterious remnant of Brati, her younger son, with whom she had forever and a day shared a very special relationship. For instance, she discovers that all her thirty-four years of her married life, she has been living a lie, as her husband, being an incorrigible philanderer, endlessly cheated her with his mothers and childrens tacit approval.He fixed up a petty bank job for her, when Brati was barely terzetto years old, non out of any consideration for her economic independence, but essentially to help the family tide over a temporary financial crisis. And, as concisely as the tide is over, he wants her to give up the job, which Sujata simply refuses. Later, she withal discovers that her children, too, are leading lives very similar to her own. If there is someone who has dared to be assorted, its Brati. Sullenly rebellious, right from his childhood, Brati has made no secret of his disregard, evening contempt, for his familial code and value-system.Turning his back upon this decadent and defunct code, Brati decides to join the Naxalite movement sweeping with the State of West Bengal in late 1960s and early 1970s. Unaware of his secret mission, Sujata is not able to dissuade her son from joining this movement. During his period of struggle, he comes into contact with a young girl, Nandini, who is excessively a member of the underground movement and with whom he shares his vision of a new world order. On being betrayed by one of his comrades, Brati and three of his close classifys, Somu, Parth and Laltu, are brutally murdered by the assassin of the police.Later, the police call up his father, asking him to come and identify the dead soundbox of his son, who, has in the mean snip been divested of his identity as a person, and given another(prenominal) dehumanized identity as corpse number 1084. Not only does the father refuse to go, but he also forbids other family members from doing so. shady at the manner in which his associates, his immediate family and the state have habituated the dead Brati, his mother, Sujata decides to go, throwing all pretensions to false s ocial respectability and the fear of mankind censure, to winds.Dibyanath Chatterjee, father of Brati Chatterjee is represented, as an honest representative of the male reign society. As soon as he comes to know about the news of his son, kind of of rushing to the police station he tries to dummy up up the matter. Sujata is shocked to see the indifferent behaviour of her husband. He was least bothered to mouth about this matter to his wife Sujata. The following sentences reveal very clearly how much she was neglected by him Sujata (uncomprehending, in a panic). What will you hush up? What are you talking about? Dibyanath Jyoti, there is no judgment of conviction to waste.He goes out. Sujata Jyoti (Jyoti busy in dialing a number. He does not reply) Jyoti (Reproving). Jyoti Whats Happened? (04) From the supra lines one can easily conclude that Sujata was neglected though she was the minute important member of the family. Dibyanath Chatterjee bothered to consult his son Jyoti rather than his wife, Sujata. Sujata matte up shocked when Dibyanath Chatterjee refuses to go to the police station with the fear of stigma in the society for his sons involvement in anti authorities affairs. In the words of Sujata But that soon? Even before the systems been identified?A father gets the news on the telephony and does not even think of rushing to have a impression? All he can think of is that hed be comprised if his car went to Kantakapukur? (09) The four chapters in the play mark a new stage in the evolution of Sujatas consciousness, as it enables her to re-order her fragmented and disorganised life in search of a cohesive identity. Every term she visits her own past or that of Brati, Somus mother or Nandini, her long-suppressed individualized loss is slowly released into the ever-widening, spirals of betrayal, guilt and suffering.From a weak-willed, hopelessly dependent and a non-assertive moral coward, Sujata is transformed into a morally assertive, poli tically enlightened and a socially defiant individual. In the first chapter, significantly titled riddle, Sujata primarily returns to her interior, private world of personal suffering, torture, betrayal and loneliness. Negotiating the inside(a) time in relation to her immediate familial situation, she becomes aware of how she and Brati were not unsloped fellow sufferers but also soul mates.In the second chapter, Afternoon, Sujatas visit to the bank to get je wellheadery from the locker is only a pretext for her to visit the house of Somus mother. A close associate of Brati, Somu had been killed in the same encounter. More significantly, Brati had spent his night in Somus house before his mysterious disappearance and death. While Sujata goes to Somus mother with the specific aim of retrieving the memories of Bratis last few hours, it turns out to be her entry and initiation into another world altogether.It is the world of primitive squalor, filth, poverty, debasement and subhuman existence that only hovers tentatively on the margins of bhadraloks consciousness. She enters into the little cognize world of slum dwellers. The sight of Somus ageing mother, her disgruntled daughter and that of their ramshackle tenement with a straw roof is enough to spot the rituals of initiation. In the third chapter, titled Evening, she visits Nandini, who apart from being Bratis comrade-in-arms was also his beloved.It is Nandini who reconstructs for Sujata all the events leading up to Bratis betrayal and murder. In the process, she also initiates Sujata into the little known world of the underground movement, explaining to her the logic for an form rebellion, giving her first hand account of state repression and its multiple failures. Its through Nandini that Sujata is finally able to understand the reasons for Bratis political convictions and his rejection of the bourgeoisie code.All this leaves her so completely bewildered that she openly admits to Nandini, I didnt in tr uth know Brati. (87). In the last chapter of the novel titled Night, we equip a transformed Sujata, one who is more self-assured, morally confident and politically sensitive. She decides to leave the house in which Brati never felt at home, where he wasnt valued while he was alive, nor his memory respected after his death. Having found a soul mate in Brati, she turns her back on Dibyanath and his decadent value-system.Bound by a sense of moral responsibility, she does go through all the rituals and ceremonies connected with Tulis engagement, but during the party, she maintains stiff, studied silence. Her insistence on wearing a plain, white sari for the party is also a significant gesture. The feelings of Sujata were not respected but misinterpreted by the members of the family. The given colloquy between Sujata (Tuli, the second daughter of Sujata) and Tuli represents this thought Tuli Didnt Brati laugh at other peoples beliefs?Sujata Bratis belief was so different from your be lief in the Swami, or Binas in her prayer room, that it sounds short absurd when you drag his name into the same context. Tuli The same thing again You will react every time we mention Brati. Sujata Yes. Tuli Are we not worthy enough to pronounce his name? Sujata The way you pronounce it To equipment casualty me (08) On one occasion Dibyanath Chatterjee accused Sujata for misleading their son which has led him to become a rebel. The egoistic nature of the father is understood in his words, Bad company, bad friends, the mothers influence (29).It is a well known fact in the society that father and mother play an important determination in flirting up the children. But it is wonky to notice that when the children get spoiled, complete blame is thrown on mother. organism physically weak and fragile, (for a few years, she had been living with a stinking appendix inside her system), and traumatized by her younger sons death and subsequent repression of grief, she simply gives up on life. When she screams and collapses into a heap, her husband is cursorily to react that her appendix has burst.Whatever the symbolic overtones of his statement, she certainly succumbs to the slow process of inner-outer rot and decay. Finally, as she herself says, Now that Brati is dead, I, too, wouldnt like to go on living. She discovers her inner self but on the whole loses her will to live and survive. cartridge holder constantly swings back and forth, and so does the pendulum of two interconnected, intertwined lives, that of Sujata and her son, Brati. Interestingly, it is death that unites them both, irrevocably assert the authenticity of their lives, too.Mahasweta Devis predominant concerns are the tribal backwaters, the exploitations of the Adivasis by the come rich or the urban-administrative machinery callously perpetuating a legacy of complicity with the colonizers, bonded labour and prostitution, the privation and misery of city dwellers who are condemned to live a t the fringes and eke-out a exiguous livelihood, the plight of woman who are breadwinners and victims of male sexual violence, dependent widows, mistreat wives, and unwanted daughters whose bodies can fetch a price are adequately represented. Sen). From the above situations, one can infer the insignificant role of Sujata in the play Mother of 1084, as a woman who has been relegated to the piazza of a neglected, suppressed, ill-treated, mechanical and marginalized in all forms in the male dominated society who consider woman as an object of sex, only to reproduce, bring money when needed and does not possess even a phonate to express her own concerns.

Junk food in schools Essay

The Government had set give away a forbidding to prevent cast aside food from being sold to children at canteens. turn back Fraser had written a letter to a newspaper company called community of interests Chronicle on the 29th of October 2010 to sh are his disbelief at the presidencys vain attempt to prevent obesity. Through let out this piece, he expenditures an fight tone. He aims to target the audience of parents with children in civilises to agree with him on his rival that this vain attempt will non benefit the children.Since the beginning, Fraser views that eat habits are heavily influenced by the parents. He urges parents to take responsibility of their own children. He admits that he weighs close to 100 kilograms and further strengthens his statement by claiming that he is a trustworthy parent. He personalizes the statement and enables the audience to see him as a regular person and similarly being a trustworthy parent for his children despite being overweight. Fraser argues that children deficiency to learn self-restraint and that parents should be responsible to retrace informed decisions for their children. He implies to the audience that a responsible parent should educate their children on their food choices.Fraser quoted Dr Peter Clifton who said 37 percent of their daily energy intake is consumed at school, but only 14 percent was lunch bought from the school canteen and schools should be a focus for combating childhood obesity but strategies were needed to tackle the lunchbox, not just the school canteen. He shifts the blame from the school cafeteria to the parents, implying that the parents should make slap-up decisions for their children when packing for them.Fraser believes that the bans will have no impact on childrens eating habits. He begins by claiming this strategy will not make our children perfectly healthy eaters and it will not encourage our kids to get out and get fit. He implies that theyre other more effective solutions out there other than canteen policing. Fraser had also quoted two major principals associations that schoolboyish people consume at most 5 of their 21 meals a week at school and the policy would make kids feel that junk food is an attractive taboo. He reinforces his contention by implementing the use of expert opinion, leading the audience to be more likely to believe his contention.Lastly, Fraser expresses his concern regarding the schools finances by stating that the canteen is a major revenue enhancement stream for school funding. He suggests that once the ban is put into place, gross revenue wouldnt be too great and there schools would lose its main source of revenue. Fraser also questioned whether the governance would be allocating additional bullion for the revenue shortfall He also suggested that the government might not fund the schools revenue shortfall even if the school is affected by the ban. Fraser suggests that the ban will most likely reasonableness maj or monetary problems regarding the schools revenue steam.Fraser believed that the ban proposed by the government was plainly a waste of time. He had strongly conveyed his negative opinion toward the governments approach from the very start. He believes that childrens eating habits are majorly influenced by the parents, not the school canteens food choices. Fraser also believes that the bans will be off no impact toward childrens eating habits and at the same time also cause major financial problems for the school. He urges for the state government to wake up and see that kids need opportunities to make their own decisions and stay active.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Accouniting Information System Essay

Abstract- In this involve the effectualness of account learning remainss from pay managers of listed companies at Tehran Stock Exchange is evaluated. The results indicate that implementation of the story randomness arrangings at the companies beneath direct caused the improvement of managers decision-making serve, improving inherent controls, improving the fictional character of the pecuniary reports and facilitated the process of the companys transactions. The results did non show any indication that per gradance evaluation process had been improved. let on words invoice Information Systems, Quality of Financial Reports, Internal Controls, termination Making, Performance Evaluation.INTRODUCTIONIn managing an governing and implementing an internal control arranging the role of account development system (AIS) is crucial. An grave enquire in the field of accounting and management decision-making concerns the fit of AIS with organizational requirements for read ing converse and control, Nicolaou (2000).Although the discipline generated from an accounting schooling system fecal matter be effective in decision-making process, but purchase, installation andusage of such(prenominal) system is shaped when its benefits exceeds its costs. Benefits of accounting entropy system can be evaluated by its strikes on improvement of decision-making process, quality of accounting information, performance evaluation, internal controls and facilitating companys transactions. Regarding the to a higher place five characteristics, the military strength of AIS is highly important for all the firms.An AIS is define as computer-based system that processes financial information and supports decision tasks in the place setting of coordination and control of organizational activities, Nicolaou (2000).LITERATURE REVIEWAccounting information system is considered as a sub system of management information system (MIS). Regarding accounting as information sys tem perhaps is the latest comment of accounting. For the first time in 1966 the Statement of Basic Accounting Theory, produce by the American Institute of Certified Accountants (AICPA), stated thatAccounting in reality is information system and if we be more precise accounting is the practice of general theories of information in the field of effective economic activities and consists of a major part of the information which is presented in the quantitative for.In the above definition, accounting is part of general information system of an economic entity. Boochhold (1999) defines accounting information systems as systems that have function of data gathering, processing, categorizing and reporting financial events with the aim of providing pertinent information for the purpose of score keeping, attention directing and decision-making.Accounting information systems argon considered important organizational mechanisms that atomic number 18 exact for lastingness decision mana gement and control in organizations, (Galbraith, 1983 Zimmerman, 1995). Systems will be useful when information willd by them is used effectively indecision-making process by the users. Otley (1980, 325) argues that Accounting System are an important part of the cloth of organizational life and need to be evaluated in their wider managerial, organizational and environmental context. Therefore, the effectiveness of accounting information systems not only depends on the purposes of such systems but also depends on contingency factors of each organization. Accounting information systems are said to be effective when the information provided by them serves widely the requirements of the system users. Effective systems should systematically provide information which has a potentiality effects on decision-making process, Ivest et.al. (1983).The effectiveness of accounting information systems has long been a subject of many look into, (Chong, 1996, Chenhall and Moriss, 1986, Kim, 1988 , Mia and Chenhall 1994).Accounting information usually are categorized under both categories 1) information that bias decision-making and mainly used for the purpose haughty the organization and 2) information that facilitate decision-making process and mostly used for coordination inwardly an organization, (Demski and Feltham, 1976, Kren, 1992). Huber (1990) argues that, integration of accounting information systems leads to coordination in organization which in drama incr liberalisations the quality of the decisions. Some query in accounting show that the effectiveness of accounting information systems depend upon the quality of the output of the information system that can satisfy the users needs, (Cameron, 1986, Lewin and Minton,1986, Quinn and Rohrbaugh, 1983, Deone and Mclean, 1992, Kim, 1989). in general, accounting information systems 1) provide financial reports on a daily and weekly basis and 2) in addition provide useful information for monitoring decision-making p rocess and performance of the organization. Simons (1987) in his study we used the first part of the above statement as step of control for management and the second part for evaluating the effectiveness of the accounting information systems via continuous monitoring.By reviewing research studies during 1987-1999, one finds out that 57 research has been conducted on the issue of accounting information systems and decision-making. Therefore, it shows the importance of the research inthis area.Accounting information systems provide primary data for decision-making. Information engineering science has caused many changes in reporting information. Thus, the characteristics of information currently prepared can help decision-makers to seek more alternatives to the solution of the problem in hand. availability to information related to the main transactions of an organization leads to a categorized detailed information which facilitates decision making in any fractious situation, Sutt on and Arnold (1995).Accounting information system, is a computer based system that is specify by Nicoloau (2000) as a system that increases the control and enhance the corp in the organization. Management is engaged with different types of activities that are requiring good quality and reliable information. They require also non-financial information such as toil statistics, quality of production and so on. However, quality of information generated from AIS is real important for management, Mckinnon and Bruns (1992).Kim (1989) argues that usage of AIS depends on the perception of the quality of information by the users. Generally the quality of information depends on reliability, form of reporting, timeliness and relevance to the decisions. specialty of accounting information system also depends on the perception of decision-makers on the usefulness of information generated by the system to satisfy informational needs for functioning processes, managerial reports, budgeting a nd control within organization. Some research indicate that the effectiveness of accounting information systems depend on the quality of output information that satisfy the users, Cameron (1986), Lewin and Minton, (1986), Quinn and Rohrbaugh, (1983), Delone and Mclean, (1992) and Kim, (1989).Effectiveness of accounting information systems can be examine on three basis 1)- information scope, 2)- timeliness, 3)- aggregation. Information scope is considered as financial and non-financial information, internal and external information that is useful in anticipation of future events. Timeliness quality is related to the ability of accounting information system to satisfy informational needs by providing systematic reports to the users of information. Aggregation of information is considered as nastys of collecting and summarizing information within a minded(p)time period, Choe (1998). Doll and Torkzadeh (1988), for studying the satisfaction of the users of information use round conce pts to legal profession the effectiveness of the accounting information systems. These concepts are information content, accuracy, format, ease to use and timeliness.HYPOTHESESAfter reviewing relevant literature, five main variables and three moderator variables were hypothesized. guess 1 Accounting information systems leads to ruin decision-making by managers. guesswork 2 Accounting information systems leads to more effective internal control systems. theory 3 Accounting information systems enhance the quality of financial reports. Hypothesis 4 Accounting information systems improves performance measures. Hypothesis 5 Accounting information systems makes financial transaction process easy.MODERATOR VARIABLESHypotheses based on moderator variables are set up to see whether such variables have any impact on the respondents responses to the research questions. One expects that such variables do not influence the way that respondents reply to the questions in the questionnaire. Hyp othesis 1 There is a relationship between the levels of respondents education and evaluation of the effectiveness of accounting information system.Hypothesis 2 There is a relationship between the vocation experience of the respondents and evaluation of the effectiveness of accounting information system.Hypothesis 3 There is a relationship between the field of respondents education and evaluation of the effectiveness of accounting information system.RESEARCH METHODSample and data collectionThis study is based on the companies listed at Tehrans stock exchange. No specific time period is considered since it is not a time series study. Aquestionnaire is designed and after pilot study was sent to the consume firms.A population of 347 companies has been listed at Tehrans stock exchange up to 1383. These companies are distributed along fifteen industries. Our sample has been randomly selected using sampling with no replacement process. For this purpose the to a lower place formula 2 2N Z/2 Xn = 2 2 2 (N-1) + Z/2 X22347 ( 1.96) (0.29)n = = 95(0.05)2 (347-1) + (1.96)2(0.29)2Based on the ratio of the companies in each industry to the total number of companies in the population, the number of companies in each industry for the sampled firms was determined.The main data collection instrument in this study is questionnaire. For this purpose a questionnaire was designed after reviewing the relevant literature. The questions are on the five point Likert type questions, with a choice of very little to very much. The questionnaire consists of twenty questions, which were carefully designed to collect relevant data. The research instrument was pilot studied, by expert panels including faculty members. The revise instrument and a cover letter were mailed to the specific individualistic who was listed as financial managers of the sampled firms. A reminder was sent and non-respondents were followed up with two additional mailings. In the first questionnaire launching 54 que stionnaires were realized and returned. In the second and third mailings a total of 33 more completed questionnaires were returned. Altogether 87 questionnaires were available for data analysis in this study.statistical TESTSTo test the hypotheses of this research we have used z and 2 statistics at confidence level of 95%. The research hypotheses were put in the form of statistical hypotheses such as H0 and H1. With regards to the nature of five-point scale questions, therefore, we test whether the misbegot cling to of each question is less than or greater than 3. tour 3 is the average number of the five choices in each question1+2+3+4+5 = - = 35Thus, statistical hypotheses are set up as followsH0 3H1 3Testing moderator variables to test the moderator variables and see whether they have any impact on the main variables, in this research 2 tests were conducted.TESTING HYPOTHESES AND ANALYZING THE RESULTSTo study the research hypotheses eighty seven finance directors (financia l managers) were selected as final sample in this study to answer the question put forward to them in the questionnaire. The data collected in this way was edited and some questions merged to measure each shot. Average number of 3 was taken as the mean of the five-point questions in the questionnaire. Table -1 shows a descriptive statistics of five hypotheses.Table-1 Descriptive statisticsMinMaxStd. misconduct of KurtosisKurtosisStd. Error of SkewnessSkewnessVarianceStandard DeviationModeMeanStd. Error fromMeanAveHypotheses 2.53.50.5110.0940.258-1.0870.1040.3223.53.250.3453.227H1 2.540.5110.799-0.2580.5680.1780.422330.0453.244H2 2.5.7540.5110.252-0.2580.364-0.2630.51243.750.5493.75H3 2.53.50.5110. 890-0.2580.8250.1380.3722. 52.750.3992.80H4 2.754.50.5110.419-0.2580.175-0.1950.4423.53.50.4743.58H5Results of the first opening Accounting information systems lead to better decision-making by managers. Z statistic concerning the test of first shot is equal to 6.47 (table-2 ).By canva ss this value with the critical value of 1.645, we accept H1 and reject H0. Therefore, the first hypothesis is accepted indicating that implementation of an accounting information system in an organization could improve decision making by managers. The average of the questions measuring this hypothesis is 3.227 and the skewness of -1.087. The kurtosis of 0.094 indicates that the distribution of our data is slightly taller than normal distribution with 0.322 modular deviation. Thus, we could conclude that our respondents on average and slightly above the average study that accounting information systems lead to better decision-making by managers.Results of the second hypothesis Accounting information systems leads to more effective internal control systems. Table-2 shows the Z value of testing the second hypothesis equal to 5.389. Again, comparing this value with the critical value of 1.645, we accept H1 and reject H0. This indicates that from the respondents point of view accounti ng information systems would lead to better internal control systems. Descriptive statistics shown in table-1 gives the average of 3.224 to the questions measuring the second hypothesis, skewness of 0.568, kurtosis of -0.799 and standard deviation of 0.442. This information indicates that the distribution of our data is slightly shorter than normal distribution.

Loss of Innocence in the Puritan Society

In the Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne hones in on the contrast amongst good versus bad and the loss of innocence that defies that line. Hester Prynne is a image of pathos and sin to the prude society, however she in one case was an innocent and honorable woman. On page 76, Hawthorne repeats the phrase At her, child of honorable parents At her, induce of a babe At her. This repetition emphasizes the way Hester was once viewed as a symbol of purity and honor in the prude community.Hawthorne excessively uses phrases like Child of honorable parents, mother of a babe and had once been innocent to contrast Hesters sin with the innocence that she once had. This is as well an example of pathos because the author is reaching out to the reader and qualification a point of the difference mingled with Hester as a symbol of innocence and purity, and Hester as a symbol of shame and mistake. These phrases create a fine line between what is good and what is bad in the puritan community .Hawthorn later uses phrases like heap of shame, misery, frailty, repelling passion, doom and alien to make an example of Hester and emphasize her horrifying actions. The diction in these phrases expresses the negative outlook toward Hester in society. She make a bad decision that haunts her and causes society to view her loss of innocence as a symbol of sin and dishonesty, to a point where they alienate her from the community. Hawthorne alike uses the phrase It may seem howling(prenominal) It may seem marvelous It may seem marvelous, over and over again.This repetition also draws a contrast between the things that haunt Hester in her community and her desire to stop where she lives rather than pack up and move away. The author is saying that with totally of the hatred and shame that haunts Hester in Boston, it is marvelous that she chooses to stay rather than flee. Something intimately her sin and guilt in that respect makes her want to stay instead of track from it. This shows the moral strength and integrity in Hester as a character. Although she made a terrible decision and has lost the innocence that she once had, there is no clearly defined line in her character between good and bad.Sometimes good people make bad decisions. In this case, Hester is much(prenominal) a strong willed character that she chose an individual freedom over the uniformity in the puritan era when she committed her crime. In conclusion, Hawthorne makes an example of Hester Prynne in the puritan era to show the conformity and honor that society lived by. When Hester committed that sin, she became a symbol of shame and loss of innocence to the puritan community. through with(predicate) the use of repetition, pathos, and diction, Hawthorne discusses the line between good versus bad in the puritan era and how loss of innocence effects that balance.

A Master of Business Administration Degree Will Help to Start a New Career

The reason that earning a Master of Business face degree result stand by me to begin a upstart career is that it will reinforce formal education with my existing start pick up thereby increasing my martability and success potential. The degree will demonstrate my every last(predicate)egiance to increasing my work knowledge and skills. The MBA degree is an important step to enhancing my security so that I can become a better gambol candidate. It will in addition dish out me develop and sharpen managerial skills to let in me to become an effective manager. I plan to use my MBA to move into a career in human resources heed.With todays job market my MBA will also provide job security because human resources management is a fast-growing career field with many opportunities stemming from its various aspects (MBA flight Opportunities Career after MBA-Career Path, 2009). The benefits of earning an MBA outweigh the costs. The average cost of an MBA degree is $40,000. 00 to $6 0,000. 00 (MBA Programs) whereas the median value offer for a MBA graduate in 2010 is $110,000. 00. This strongly shows how the hard work to obtain an MBA will reap rewards. I am personally very(prenominal) motivated because I want to exit the front line guest service level.I personally know of other individuals who are engage or already have their MBA, which leads me to believe that this degree is one of the some sought after and valued degrees. The Jungian Personality Assessment says that I am soci subject, fun-loving, spontaneous, and very generous. It states that possible careers are an events coordinator, musician, ER nurse, fund raiser, or comedian. This assessment describes me very well in correlation to pursuing my MBA and steering on human resources because I enjoy dealing with a signifier of individuals daily.I have a very good memory, am also detail-oriented and very organized. Multi-tasking and working responsively breaks up the monotony of the day and this is ver y lots appreciated in an office environment where assignments can become tedious. victorious charge of assignments and completing them gives me a sense of achievement. Remaining level headed in complicated situations takes skill and patience that I embody. I believe that I can make others feel relaxed in my presence because of my demeanor. I am practical and active, are realistic and self-confident. Action and initiative are cardinal hallmarks of my work ethic.The observations in the Jungian Personality Assessment therefore extend to closely to skills I possess that are necessary to be productive in the human resources management field such as organization, multi-tasking, discretion, business ethics, team orientation and dual focus (Schleifer, 2006). An MBA Program offers a order of benefits for the successful applicant, including Business knowledge regarding business strategies and concepts and the use of that information in practical life and day-to-day business operations. T he program will help me to develop better written and verbal communication skills.It will help me develop and enhance my leadership abilities because the MBA degree involves rigorous training, assignments, reports, presentations, and group projects, all of which provide the necessary abilities to handle real-life business situations. Networking with my classmates will create an standstill during the program that will allow me to have access to resources and be able to draw upon them in the future if necessary (United Network of Help with know of Business Administration). In closing I strongly believe that receiving my MBA will be a crucial component in creating a new career.

Night World : Spellbinder Chapter 1

Expelled.It was one of the s motorcariest oral communication a high school senior could stretchk of, and it unploughed sonority in Thea Harmans mind as her grandmothers car approached the school building.This, Grandma Harman express from the front passenger seat, is your pull through chance. You do realize that, dont you?As the device driver pulled the car to the curb, she went on. I dont screw why you got thrown erupt of the last school, and I dont require to know. that if in that locations one whiff of trouble at this school, Im going to give up and send both of you to your aunty Ursulas. And you dont want that, now, do you?Thea shook her head vigorously.Aunt Ursulas house was nicknamed the Convent, a olden fortress on a deserted mountaintop. Stone w altogethers everywhere, an atmosphere of gloom-and Aunt Ursula watching every move with thin lips. Thea would rather die than go there.In the backsideseat next to her, Theas cousin Blaise was shaking her head, too-but The a knew better than to hope she was listening.Thea herself could precisely concentrate. She felt dizzy and very untogether, as if half of her were still back in New Hampshire, in the last principals office. She unploughed realizeing the await on his give that meant she and Blaise were nigh to be expelled-again.But this prison term had been the worst. Shed neer forget the trend the police car come out of the closetside kept flashing red and blue through the windows, or the way the smoke kept rising from the charred remains of the music wing, or the way Randy Marik cried as the police led him off to jail.Or the way Blaise kept smiling. Triumphantly, as if it had all been a game.Thea glanced sideways at her cousin.Blaise looked beautiful and deadly, which wasnt her fault. She always looked that way it was part of having smoldering gray eyes and hair wish well halt smoke. She was as different from Theas soft blondness as night from solar day and it was her beauty which kept getting them in trouble, but Thea couldnt help love her.After all, theyd been raised as sisters. And the sister bond was the strongest bond there was to a witch.But we cant get expelled again. We cant. And I know youre thinking rectify now that you can do it all over againand pricy old Thea will stick with you-but this time you re wrong. This time Ive got to stopover you.Thats all, Gran verbalise abruptly, finishing with her instructions. Keep your noses clean until the end of October or youll be sorry. Now, get out. She whacked the headrest of the drivers seat with her stick. Home, Tobias.The driver, a college-age male child with curly hair who had the dazed and beaten expression all Grandmas apprentices got subsequently a few days, muttered, Yes, senior high Lady, and reached for the gearshift. Thea grabbed for the door handle and slid out of the car fast. Blaise was right behind her.The ancient Lincoln Continental sped off. Thea was left stand with Blaise under the warm Nevada sun, in front of the two-story adobe building complex. Lake Mead High School.Thea blinked once or twice, trying to kick-start her brain. Then she turned to her cousin.Tell me, she said grimly, that youre not going to do the same thing here.Blaise laughed. I neer do the same thing twice.You know what I mean.Blaise pursed her lips and reached pull down to typeset the top of her boot. I think Gran overdid it a subaltern with the lecture, dont you? I think theres something shes not telling us about. I mean, what was that bit about the end of the month? She straightened, tossed back her mane of dark hair and smiled sweetly. And shouldnt we be going to the office to get our schedules?Are you going to answer my disbelief?Did you ask a question?Thea shut her eyes. Blaise, we are running out of relatives. If it happens again-well, do you want to go to the Convent?For the first time, Blaises expression darkened. Then she shrugged, direct liquid ripples down her loose ruby-colore d shirt. Better hurry. We dont want to be tardy.You go ahead, Thea said tiredly. She watched as her cousin walked outside, hips swaying in the trademark Blaise lilt.Thea took another breath, examining the buildings with their bowing doorways and pink plaster walls. She knew the drill. Another year of living with them, of walking lightly through halls knowing that she was different from everybody virtually her, even while she was carefully, like an expert pretending to be the same.It wasnt hard. Humans werent very smart. But it took a accepted amount of concentration.She had just started toward the office herself when she heard raised voices. A little knot of students had gathered at the edge of the parking lot.Stay away from it.Kill itThea joined the periphery of the group, being inconspicuous. But thus she maxim what was on the ground beyond the curb and she took three startled steps until she was looking right down at it.Oh how beautiful. Long, strong body patient of head and a string of rapidly vibrating horny rings on the tail. They were making a noise like steam escaping, or melon vine seeds being shaken.The snake in the grass was olive green, with wide diamonds down its back. The scales on the face looked shiny, almost wet. And its black tongue flickered so fast. A contestation whizzed past her and hit the ground beside the snake. Dust puffed.Thea glanced up. A kid in cutoffs was backing away, looking scared and triumphant.Dont do that, somebody said.Get a stick, somebody else said.Keep away from it.Kill it.Another rock flew.The faces around Thea werent vicious. Some were curious, some were alarmed, some were filled with a sort of mesmerised disgust. But it was all going to end up the same for the snake.A male child with red hair came running up with a duple branch. People were reaching for rocks.I cant let them, Thea survey. Rattlers were actually pretty fragile-their backbones were vulnerable. These kids talent kill the snake without eve n meaning to.Not to mention that a couple of the kids might get bitten in the process.But she didnt have anything no jasper against venom, no St. John root to soothe the mind.It didnt matter. She had to do something. The redheaded boy was circling with the stick like a fighter looking for an opening. The kids around him were alternately warning him and cheering him on. The snake was swelling its body, tongue-tips flickering upand down faster than Theas eye could follow. It was mad.Dropping her backpack, she slipped in front of the red-haired boy. She could see his reverse and she heard several people yell, but she tried to block it all out. She needed to focus.I hope I can do this.She knelt a foot away from the rattler.The snake fell into a striking coil. precedent body raised in an S-shaped spiral, head and neck held like a poised javelin. Nothing looked so ready to lunge as a snake in this position.Easy easy, Thea thought, staring into the narrow catlike pupils of the yellow eye s. She easily lifted her hands, palms facing the snake.Worried noises from the crowd behind her.The snake was inhaling and exhaling with a violent hiss. Thea breathed carefully, trying to radiate peace.Now, who could help her? Of course, her own personal protector, the goddess closest to her heart. Eileithyia of ancient Crete, the mother of the animals.Eileithyia, Mistress of the Beasts, please tell this critter to hush down. Help me see into its little snaky heart so Ill know what to do.And then it happened, the wonderful transformation that even Thea didnt understand. Part of her became the snake. There was a strange blurring of Theas boundaries-she was herself, but she was also coiled on the warm ground, fierce and excitable and desperate to get back to the safety of a coal-tar creosote bush. Shed had eleven babies some time ago and had never quite vulcanised from the experience. Now she was surrounded by large, hot, fast-moving creatures.Big-living-things way too close. Not responding to my holy terror noises. Better bite them.The snake had only two rules for dealing with animals that werent food. 1) arouse your tail until they go away without stepping on you. 2) If they dont go away, strike.Thea the person kept her hands steady and tried to pound a new thought into the small reptile brain. Smell me. Taste me. I dont smell like a human. Im a daughter of Hellewise.The snakes tongue brushed her palm. Its tips were so thin and delicate that Thea could hardly feel them flicker against her skin.But she could feel the snake drop down from maximum alert. It was relaxing, ready to retreat. In another arcsecond it would listen when she told it to slither away.Behind her, she heard a new preventative in the crowd.Theres EricHey, Eric-rattlesnakeBlock it out, Thea thought.A new voice, distant but flood tide closer. Leave it alone, guys. Its probably just a bull snake.There was a swell of excited denial. Thea could feel her connection slipping. Stay focused.B ut nobody could have stayed focused during what happened next. She heard a quick footstep. A shadow fell from the east. Then she heard a gasp.Mojave rattlerAnd then something hit her, sending her flying sideways. It happened so fast that she didnt have time to twist. She landed painfully on her arm. She lost control of the snake.All she could see as she looked east was a scaly olive-green head driving in advance so fast it was a blur. Its jaws were wide open-amazingly wide-and its fangs sank into the blue-jeaned leg of the boy who had knocked Thea out of the way.

Grandparent Rights

My First Grandson How many of you have grandparents that have vie an important role in your liveness? Were they there when you needed them? gibe to the Idaho Department of Health and Welfare, there are all over 29 megabyte children in Idaho alone who are being raised by their grandparents. I am one of those grandparents. On November 21s, 2004 Destin Hardy was born and this is when the bond of grandparents and grandchild began. Destin was 12 months old when his parents discrete to move to Washington. It was so unstated for me to let him go. I knew however that any term I wanted to see him I was able to.It was in 2006 when my grandson and my son came down for a visit, they ended up staying with us on a permanent basis. My son was 20 years old and was skillful getting back on his feet, so I suggested that Destin stay with us until my son had a stable environment for him to go to. I at this time didnt know the big effect this would have on my life. Another kid was all I could cal l up about. I wasnt confused I wouldnt be able to do it, as I have raised four children of my own. I was actually worried about how to do it. Raising a child in immediatelys world is more than difficult than when I was raising my children.Being a grandma and being a mother are two divers(prenominal) things. I wanted to spoil him rotten. And as we all know once spoiled, always spoiled. So life began with a spoiled baby. It didnt operate to long for me to change to the mother mode though. My parental instinct took over and all of the skills I had used before came back to me. Destin was so energetic at this age. He loved the water and playing ball. I think his favorite thing to do was to jump on the trampoline or was it travel the lawn mower with my wavier (Xavier), as he called him. Even at night time he would want to read or color.I placed him in preschool at the age of three and watched him grow with knowledge. I can remember that both day I dropped him off he would take my hand and demonstrate me the parakeets and the big parrot. He had to make sure they knew he was there. While attention preschool, Destin began reading at a higher level than expected. He was louver and graduated with a preschool graduation diploma with special recognitions Outstanding bookman. This was a proud day in grandmas life. manoeuvre Destin and talking to him as if he was a mature child helped with his terminology skills and communication skills.He is a very intelligent young man and knows more than an average child should know at his age. At the age 6 1/2 Destin decided that he wanted to get complicated with football like his uncles. I thought about this long and hard deciding that it wasnt in his best interest. I then decided that Tai Kwon Do would be better for him. He could use a little more self-discipline and balance skills. What a spectacular idea. Destins accomplishments have been great. In one year he graduated 4 belts and received his green belt one month ag o.From the day that Destin was born, to watching him turn into a little man. Destin has brought a great joy to my life. I would never take back a minute of sharing his life with him. I wonder what the future holds for my grandson. I know that with the right direction and love he will go on to accomplish great things and one day be a great leader and teach to his children and grandchildren. Bibliography http//healthandwelfare. idaho. gov/Children/EarlyChildhoodInfo/ActiveParenting/tabid/161/ctl/ArticleView/mid/1373/articleId/583/Grandparents-Raising (U. S Census Bureau, 2005-2009)

The Weighted Index Overlay Analysis (WIOA)

The Weighted Index Overlay Analysis (WIOA) is whizz of the multi measuring decision do similarlyl employ to charge encumbrances and oodles to individually criterion and screen outes of all(prenominal) criterion respectively to determine the strand urine authority zones. All the criterion roles were born-again to raster, charge a pack (Wc) on a scale of one to ten depending on its suitability to confine water.Different classes of each(prenominal)(prenominal) criterion make up were similarly assigned a get to (Scc) on a scale of one to ten fit in to their sexual relation influence on the groundwater occurrence (Table 5.1). With one being the least(prenominal) of the essence(p) and ten being the most important factor. The average score is given by (Nag and Kundu, 2018) ?=(?Scc x Wc)/(?Wc)Where ? is the average charge score of the polygon, Wc is the load of each criterion map and Scc is the rating score of the class of the criterion map.Individual criterion ma ps were reclassified and the reclassified map together with the free weightage map were integrate using the raster calculator in the spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS softwargon. The integrated map was then classified into excellent, equitable, moderate, poor and very poor groundwater probable zones and lastly correlated and validated with the field groundwater data obtained from the article pen by Meulenbeld & Hattingh, 1999 utilize as a reference.Geology and geomorphology maps were identified to be classified maps, therefore the procedure followed to assign score to different classes of each criterion map is different from that of drainage density, fictitious character density and incline which were classified as continuous maps. Classified maps have known and definable boundaries whereas continuous maps define a surface where each location is measurable from a fixed registration point.To assign scores to different classes of each criterion map in classified maps, each cri terion map was first converted to raster, a table was added on the attribute table, then a suitable score corresponding to the influence of each class to groundwater occurrence was assigned. The vector and raster maps are joined, and the resulting vector map is then converted to raster with scores. For the continuous maps, each criterion map is reclassified into ten classes using the separate tool under spatial analyst tool, the method of classification used is quantile and a table was added as well as score.Criterion maps were assigned weights corresponding to relative influence of each criterion to occurrence, origin and course of groundwater, with geology given the highest preference (10), followed by lineament density (8), geomorphology (6), list (4), and drainage density (2).Sandstones are typically permeable and porous, therefore, can accommodate infiltration of water and can store those prominent quantities of water, thereby making them good aquifers, However, those of t he Wilgerivier Formation forms poor aquifers collect to limited faulting, thusly, it was assigned a score of 1 (by Meulenbeld & Hattingh, 1999).Shales have very small interstitial spaces collectible to very small particle sizes, but can store large quantities of water, however, its transmission system is limited due to low permeability, therefore, making it an aquiclude. The shales of the Ecca Group are very dense and should not be ignored as realistic sources of groundwater. The borehole yields are among 0.5 to 2 l/s with a fractured or intergranular aquifer system, hence, shale was assigned a score of 2 (GCS, 2006).The diamictite of the Dwyka Group is massive, with little jointing and shows social stratification in some places. It has very low hydraulic conductivity ranging from 10-11 to 10-12 m/s and shows no primary voids. The Dwyka diamictite forms an aquitard with very small yield quantities of water ranging from 0.5 to 2 l/s confined within narrow fractures and joints, h ence it is assigned a score of 4 (GCS, 2006).Diabase intrusion is highly fractured and weathered, yields considerable quantities of water and therefore forms good aquifer. It was assigned a score of 10. The weight of 10 given to the geology was found to be suitable since the occurrence, origin and transmission of groundwater depends on the physical characteristics of the rock (Figure 5.1.1).Lineament densities range from 0 to 140.6 and were assigned scores from 1 to 10 respectively in accordance to its relative contribution to groundwater occurrence and storage and was also given a weight of 8. The high the drainage density, the higher the score given. The classification method used to sort the densities is quantile method which assigns the same number of data value to each class, hence, there are no empty classes or classes with too a couple of(prenominal) or too many values.This method is best worthy to linearly distributed data (Figure 5.1.2). The valleys, hills and steep in clines were assigned weights of 10, 2 and 1 respectively also according to its importance to groundwater occurrence and storage. Groundwater is usually found in valleys where percolation surpasses surface runoff than in steep inclines and hills where surface runoff precedes percolation. The weight of 6 assigned is well suited for it since it is the 3rd most important criterion to groundwater occurrence (Figure 5.1.3).The deliver of the study area ranges from 0 to 79 with the highest degree assigned a score of 1 and lowest 10. This is due to gentle slopes being good groundwater prospecting zones than steep slopes which favors surface runoff. Slope is myrmecophilous on geomorphology, therefore, has to be assigned a weight demean than that of geomorphology, hence, a weight of 4 was found suitable.The classification method used to reclassify slope is also quantile method which assigns the same number of data values to each class, hence, there are no empty classes or classes with too a couple of(prenominal) or too many values. This method is best suited to linearly distributed data (Figure 5.1.4).Drainage density is the inverse of lineament density, hence, the scores and weight assigned will be the opposite and lower than that in lineament density respectively.The drainage densities range from 0 to 252.4 and were assigned scores from 10 to 1. The slope is dependent on slope and geomorphology, therefore, a slope of 2, lower than them was found to be suitable. The classification method used to reclassify slope is also quantile method which assigns the same number of data values to each class, hence, there are no empty classes or classes with too few or too many values. This method is best suited to linearly distributed data (Figure 5.1.5).The classification method used for the output groundwater potential zones map is the geometrical interval. This classifier was found suitable to represent the generated data since it is a via media method between equal interval , natural breaks and quantile. It creates a balance between highlighting changes in the middle values and the extreme values, thereby producing a result that is visually appealing and cartographically comprehensive.It was observed that the majority of the boreholes are sited on excellent to good groundwater potential zones where the geology is mainly sandstone and close to contact zones with diabase intrusions. The stand-in of the boreholes are sited on poor to very poor groundwater potential zones with a diamictite rock mass.According to Hattingh, 1996, the sedimentary rocks of the Wilgerivier Formation makes poor aquifers whereas, the cracks and fissures in prying rocks form the main aquifers, hence, groundwater occurs in fractured rock mass. The boreholes close to diabase intrusions make good aquifers irrespective of the groundwater prospecting zone.Borehole yields are limited, especially in sedimentary rocks, they are below 0.5 l/s, however, those sited on faults and fracture s in intrusive rocks, can yield higher than 3 l/s. Typical borehole depth ranges between 40 and cxx m while the average range of depth of water take aim is between 10 to more than 40 m below ground level (mbgl) (DWA, 2011).

Definition of Politics Essay

The art and science of g everyplacenance dealing with the form, organisation and judicatory of a state or part of one, and of the regulation of its relations with opposite statespolitical pith belonging to or pertaining to the state, its government and policy. Oxford English Dictionary. There are two types of political ashess, the Centralised political system, and the De modify political system. The centralised political system is a means to run the country downstairs central control, with no local authorities creating rules and regulations for a specific scene of action, an shell of this is the former Soviet Union, or modern China. This ruling is k directlyn as communism. Sports in communist countries are controlled in the same way as any other social agencies, such as education. Sport was apply for boosting morale, production, and effectiveness of the military and to provide a successful image for their governance around the world. The athletes of the communist bloc regi mes dominated world magnetic variation for many an(prenominal) years until the cold war ended.A decentralised political system is one where the administration of government is re-organised into smaller autonomous units such as local authorities in the UK and individual states in the USA. Each area decides its own policies on sport provision and effectiveness of sport in schools. Many sports people pull in sport as a means of escaping every day life, which is controlled by the government and do not which to see sport controlled except by their own governing, bodies e.g. IOC, FIFA. However, government influence cannot be avoided in some circumstances.Sport has been used for government propaganda purposes, for example the subject area socialist propaganda in the 1936 Olympic Games, which Hitler used to promote his Nazi ideals. In Russia, the government insisted that a fittingness campaign called Ready for labour and defence was imperative for all its citizens and was still operat ional in the latter half of the twentieth light speed. In our own country, following heavy losses in the Boer war, it was matt-up that the military was not fit enough and so compulsory fitness exercises was instigated in all state schools in the early 20th century to improve the fitness of the working class. More recently, we can see how governance and sport cannot be separated when the English cricket team pulled come on of a group match due to political unrest amid Zimbabwe and England.Sport can be used to introduce or repay social harmony. By introducing good boast facilities into areas that have suffered unrest, the government hopes to draw youths to use the facilities wisely in their spare duration rather than be involved in anti-social behaviour. The governments Education Act of 1988 affected the provision of sport in schools. The conservative government wanted more control over the teaching of physical education in schools and produced a report called elevation the g ame.In reality, sport needs politics as much as politics needs sport. For example, the government can provide finance and locations to set major sporting events such as the Olympics and the World Cup. In return, sporting teams who perform well promote a country to the rest of the world, and raises national pride. All beneficial to any government.Drugs have been used throughout history, since the time of the Greeks and Romans who took substances to improve their performance and so it is not a modern problem. However, do do drugss use in modern sport has become more widespread, and is now shown to be a problem across all the sports and in twain genders, at both amateur and professional levels. An increase in drug use came about through various factors such as advances in biology and medicine, the use of drugs in WW2, the development, and availability of testosterone steroids and growth hormones in the 1950s. freight trainers saw the potential of these drugs and used them to their o wn advantage and other athletes were able-bodied to see the potential of using drugs to improve their own play e.g. play a trick on players used beta-blockers to steady nerves.

Porters 5 Generic Strategies Essay

One of the gravidest tools of use for a firm is organism awargon of its position within an industry. When a company is knowledgeable of where it stands, it can more accurately assess its strengths and weaknesses and what is, or has the potential to be, its competitive advantage. Michael Porter, believed that the basis for this advantage falls under 3 small strategies of Cost leadership, Differentiation and Focus. With the use of his generic strategy model, a firm, accord where its competitive advantage lies, can then formulate and implement an effective business strategy geared towards the generateability of this advantage.The 3 bases, formed 5 generic strategies Cost Leadership, strongly speaks towards the reapingion of a paltryer price product. It appeals to consumers because of low personify. quality 1 strategy is Cost Leadership low cost, that offers the product at the lowest price on hand(predicate) on the market. subject 2 is best value, that offers the lowest pr ice for value available on the market. A firm seeking to become a cost leader then, is attempting to actualize a competitive advantage by producing at the lowest cost. For vitrine, the car sector, in formulating a strategy must attempt to cut cost at all(prenominal) step of their value chain, whether it is using word of blab out over advertisements or engaging in vertical integration strategies in an attempt to control costs.They must improve the efficiencies of their processes and because of its low cost nature, be prepared to be highly leveraged, if necessary, to stay fresh its position. Malaysias car makers Perodua and Proton are examples of cost leaders, but also of how this position is used to formulate strategy. The antagonist low cost maker, Perodua, entered the market and lowered prices further in requital and assumed market control, but then because of limitation of supplies and new organization regulation Proton once more overtook Perodua. Thus the cost leader mu st constantly stay aware of the 5 forces, and it environment of business in set up to maintain its competitive advantage.Differentiation, Porters Type 3, calls for a product that possesses certain attributes that the customer perceives as both valuable and split up than competitors. This position allows firms more leniency with regards to price as the guidance is more heavily on value. This strategy will not only help butguide a firms oversight activities as they incur greater costs which should be offset by gross taxation revenue. This should allow the firm, in carrying out its strategic activities to realise the importance of bulls eye loyalty, cost associated with aggressive gross revenue and marketing tactics to establish that perceived value to consumers and the significance on the value chain of research and development. customary Motors, at a time when Ford dominated the market, offered new features at premium prices to a higher class of public. The mission, a car for every purse and purpose, was exceeded as they became the leading company. New entrants were discouraged, buyers had low bargaining agency due to the lack of alternatives, supplier increases could be passed on through sales price and substitutes and rivals were deterred because of the loyalty consumers had to GMs exciting features.A great example of how Porters strategy guided their activities and secured their competitive advantage. Type 4, low cost focus and Type 5, best value focus, offers products and operate to a respite group at the lowest price available on the market and the lowest price for value available on the market, respectively. Type 4, for example the used car dealership, offers bargain hunters low cost vehicles for a few inconveniences such as their own maintenance. Type 5, for example Corvette, offer a higher price to niche group and maintain loyalty by offering an experience unlike any other. For this reason, Type 5 is sometimes referred to as focused differenti ation. For types 4 and 5, strategic counsel must focus on the development of core competencies and use it as a potential barrier to entry and base for minimizing threats of substitutes, extensive digest of the 5 forces, value chain and financial capabilities as targeting a niche group may be costly for a Type 5 strategy or may not produce enough revenue for the focused cost leader (Type 4).Porters strategies, coined generic, because they are but that, have no particular application process but quite a the firm using these strategies must develop the best way to sustain their competitive advantage. The firm must define its position and analyze its industry, afterward a strategy is selected, the firm must develop a forge to implement it then continuously monitor the market signals in order to keep up with the ever changing environment of business. Strategic managements activities then will takeinto account the external environment, the disposals capabilities and select and deve lop strategies always bearing in consciousness the organisations purpose and direction. These strategies, closely paired with the 5 forces, focus on continuous improvement for an organisation to meet the challenges of global change, scarce what strategic management is centered on, the formulation, implementation and evaluation of plans to achieve organisational success.

Nature of Accounting and the Accounting Standard

disposition of Accounting and the Accounting Standard Background Accounting is an important affair for affair and it is dubbed language of logical argument activities conducted by trues. People estimate it is utilize to croak business relationss per se to all stakeholders. However, or so sight argue that the functions of business relationship ar non that easy. Except the communication tool, account statement acts as many early(a) difference roles in business. When doing account statement, different model may be used. There argon many issues about write up standard nowadays.To getting a subjective view of report, it is demand to guess how account is worked. This essay get out analyze the application of accounting in the various situations to reach a conclusion. It will give some military position for accounting also. Firm as an accounting inclination As we hit the sack, accounting was widely used in the firm. In accounting, firm means some business entity aimi ng at earning economic profit. In general, there argon ternion types of firms proprietorship, partnership and corporation. Firms are classified by the types of ownership, limitation of obligation and so on.According to Scott Besley (2007), a proprietorship and partnership is an unincorpo prescribed business. Proprietorship firm owned by bingle individual while partnership owned by dickens or more people. A corporation is a intelligent entity by a state. The owners and managers may not be the analogous person. Corporation crap unlimited life and enjoin limited liability. Owners have no responsibility for liabilities of the corporation. However, for proprietorship and partnership, owners must payback all liability of creditor. Although there are various classifications for firm, its object is quite same.The general object of a commerce firm is earning profit. However, firms tin cannot amount focus on the monetary income. There are many other aspects must hit the books. T he firm which is just care about financial achievement will suffer cast ethic dilemma. Dobson (1997) specify the behavior that firm just consider about self-interest individualistic and opportunistic as finance substitution class. He criticized that it would cause some other lost for people. To be an ethic firm, it should take on object carefully to maximize the benefit for all relevant people.Rather than outpouring business individually, people do commerce via firm. Firms exist because it can deliver a more efficiency operation environment for people. However, even if firms can offer a better way for people doing business, we shouldnt ignore the troubles arising from it. Accounting and transaction Transaction plays a special role in firms daily operation. In general meaning, transaction is transform of goods or services between entities, as well as other events that have an economic impact on a business.It is a businesss economic bring down by accounting (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2011). It should be crystalise that not all events generated in business process can be enter. Accounting must considers about what transaction should record and how it is record. There are two major assumptions about whether transaction should be record. The first one is monetary unit assumption. In accounting, we just record the transaction selective information which can be express in money term (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2011). another(prenominal) assumption is economic entity assumption.Accountant must just account the transaction relevant to certain firm. The active of its owner or other economic entity should not be record in the firms account (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2011). In addition, such action must affect the component of accounting equating dually. That means it should affect assts, liability or equity. Measurement method in accounting As it mentioned before, the major object of account is identify, record and communicate the transaction. In real life, the environment for accounting is changing continuously.So, accountant should know how to record and measure transaction properly. To facing price changing, there are two major approaches to record and measure transaction diachronic exist precept and fair economic value principle. When utilize historical cost principle, companies record assets as its cost (Weygandt, Kimmel, & Kieso, 2011). That means if the value of goods in such transaction is changing, it will keep the original record of such goods. However, we should update the record of assets value according to the market price in fair value principle.When managers decide which standard should be used, there are various factors bring to be consider. Inflation is necessary for measurement method decision. Alhashim & Arpan (1992) claimed that when price is stable, the historical cost principle could will an objective view for companys performance. Managers may prefer this method to measure transaction. However, study also guide that when it is high inflation, using historical cost principle will provide some useless information. If the price is changing frequently, the historical cost principle will not suitable.For theoretical account, in British, because it was suffer from high inflation rate in the history, the accounting standard in this country select fair-value principle. (Alhashim & Arpan, 1992) exist measurement is an important part in accounting. Since the component of cost for business is complex, it will select material cost for example. There are two common principles for material cost evaluation. One is average value method, another is FIFO method. Companys objective should be considered when choosing those approaches of cost measurement.When using average cost method, companys income statement will show lower income so that company will enjoin lower tax. However, when firm choosing FIFO method, they will pay higher tax because of the high income deliver by income statement. When comp any wants to reduce tax cost, they may choose average cost method. Otherwise, they will choose FIFO method to attract investiture by showing well performance. Except form pervious example discussed, there are many other factors could affect the measurement method.For example, David Solomons (1970) think that feasibility like objective, low cost of implementation and ease of understanding for users will affect the judgment for measurement method. In different condition, managers will choose different principle. So, it is difficult to say which principle is better. Conclusion By analyze relevant item of accounting, the perspective of accounting is more distinctly now. Transaction is a vital component of accounting and there are various principles about it. However, accounting is related to other aspects also. Merely defined accounting as analyzing transaction per se is not false save not objectively.Communication is also a vital part of account. It is properly to descript accounti ng as a language of business. As mention before, there are many communicating methods and standards for accounting. Different regions may have different accounting language (Alhashim & Arpan, 1992). It is a challenge for current international company. To solve this problem, it is necessary to build and spread a unified standard for international accounting right now. Reference Alhashim, D. D. , & Arpan, J. S. (1992). International dimensions of accounting. Boston PWS-KENT publishing company.Dobson, J. (1997). Finance ethical motive the rationality of virtue. Cummor Hill, Oxford OX2 9JJ, England Lanham u. a. Rowman & Littlefield. Scott Besley, E. F. (2007). Essentials of Managerial Finance. Natorp Boulevasr, Mason OH South Westren College. Solomons, D. (1970). Assets valuation and income determination valuate the alternative. In R. R. Sterling, Assets valuation and income determination (p. 105). 4431 Mt. Vernon, Houston, Texas Scholar Book Co. Weygandt, J. J. , Kimmel, P. D. , & K ieso, D. E. (2011). Financial Accounting. regular army John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Conservative vs. Liberal

Conservative vs. great(p) Dimitri Khago PSY/201 Sunday, August 05, 2012 Mariah Degruy Conservatives vs. laxs Not just as Americans nevertheless as military man beings we altogether unavoidableness the same raw material things in our daily lives. We every seek quitdom and yearn for prosperity. We every(prenominal) seek for what is fair in life and not just our lives separately, exactly the lives of our democracys people. We want less people to suffer as much as possible, especi whollyy our children. We completely seek the best for our wellness being. We all want a offense free nation and plague free streets in our communities.We all want a freedom to declaim and voice our legal opinions tho the one major key course is how do we achieve all of these? With all that has been going on in our nations economy, we begin to analyze one of the very virtually important, yet controersial policy-making issue that we argon facing Liberal or Conservative? Although we are united as a whole nation, but when concerning our nations semipolitical policies we are very much divided. distributively of us has our avow beliefs and our own opinion, but the beauty of this is that this is what dupes this country.This belief was instilled in our bloods from the day this gigantic nation was formed, by our political forefathers up until now. We sometimes call these beliefs Left or Right ground on the political spectrum. The political spectrum We flummox learned to become traditionalist toward the nation, our nations people and our nations policies, as well as we have learned to become plentiful toward the nation, our people and our nations policies. Which is effective you might wonder, that all depends on every individuals unlike legal opinion and opinion to do what is ripe and best for them?Conservatives and Liberals differ on what they believe is cleanse for the presidency. They seek different essential pauperisations, different political science weapo ns platform support, different social views, and very different scotch views. As humans we all seek the same basic needs to live. These needs are Life, Liberty, and by-line of happiness a well-known phrase from the United nominates Declaration of Independence. We all have the right to lead our own life in which we so choose. We all have the right to have our belief and make our own decisions and stand to our own judgments.The most important matter is that we have the right to do whatever it make fulls to make ourselves touch happy without harming anyone one stepping over the boundaries of others. In found to protect our individual human rights the bill of rights were established. These laws which go out the people the ability to live by these de go tod rights as a human being are what distinguish us from a free person and one who is not free. If one is convicted of a felony these particular laws mouth of are no longer valid to them the right to vote, the right to serve on a jury, and the right to bear arms are all void.Although some states are adjusting these laws to their own liking, you as a criminal are no longer privileged to take part in these opportunities because of the crime committed, they are therefore taken away from you Other states may permanently ban felons from voting even after being released from prison, parole, and probation, and having paid all their fines. (State Felon Voting Laws). There are many programs in which our government runs, and many of these programs are the split between the fusty or the liberal side.Liberals seem to view their government better as a larger government and support those programs which make this a reality. These include many programs, but one in particular is welfare. In the eyes of a liberal, this program is looked very grittyly upon. It assistances those in need the ability to stand on their feet and not be out on the street. Although inclinationlly this is a great help, but nowadays in our countr y, many people seem to take advantage of this opportunity and cheating the rest of society who need this help.With the rearingal program, a liberal supports not only public schools and a higher(prenominal) teacher salary, but also smaller classroom for the students. They support the idea that the classrooms should not be thirty-plus children, but also smaller more than controlled environs Vouchers take money away from public schools. (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). immediately if you were to ask a conservative about education, they believe in the art of rival School vouchers create competition and therefore encourage schools to improve performance. (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). Schools should be all private so that they compete with lower cost and the parents have the opportunity to decide where they want their child to attend, and what kind of education they want for their child. Another program a conservative strongly believes in is canceling all the failed so cial support programs. Why should a country take control on to a program that is not helping anyone that is in need of the assistance, but financially funding those well off, and are working and supporting their own families.Although being in the twenty- origin century has expanded our view upon socialistic views, conservatives feel that we should not change our ruling on coupling and that it must stay traditional between a man and a woman. Since America was founded on grounds of religious freedom, and the Bible was and is our most highly looked upon views, conservatives feel that we shall stick to these traditional views and not support the idea of miscarriage or embryonic stem cell research.One must not terminate a child, since that is the same as murder Abortion is the murder of a human being. (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). One must also not enroll in stem cell research since that too is destroying a life. This is where the agate line comes in on the Liberal side. Liberals believe it is not up to us to decide if marriage shall stay between a man and a woman, what is so wrong with a man and man marrying or a woman and woman?Since this country was found on the principles of freedom and the rights to make our own decisions, the personal lives of Americans shall not be dictated by the government because of what they think is right. It has not yet been proven that a fetus inwardly a woman is a child or a fetus. The argument remains that a child is only a child when it takes its first breath, or that a child is a child when it is conceived. Shouldnt the dumbfound decide if she wants to give birth to this fetus?She will be mien all the pain, so it should be her right to decide A woman has the right to decide what happens with her body. A fetus is not a human life, so it does not have separate individual rights. (Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. ). Now if you can save a life wouldnt you? If you arent pain in the neck anyone or anything with emb ryonic stem cell research, then scientist should be able to harvest these stem cells to help a life Stem cells derived from embryos in the very earliest stages of development these cells have long been thought by scientists to have an xtraordinary potential for alleviating the suffering caused by conditions ranging from diabetes to Alzheimers disease to spinal stack injury. (Gold). Money is what runs the country, one thing these two political stances have in common are the want and need for more jobs. A conservative wants the federal government not to tax the rich as high and should spend so much less. These big businesses should get the tax breaks they want and deserve to increase and generate their revenue, so that they can stimulate and note the economy stable and grow to be much stronger.Liberals on the other hand believe in quite opposite of the conservative behalf they believe that the rich should be taxed more than the poor since they can abide to pay a little extra mone y in order to have a greater government The less government we have, the more liberty we have. (Amy). They also approach with saying that these big businesses should be taxed more and pay a larger amount of income tax from their profits to help support and provide for Medi-Cal, Medic-Aid, and Welfare.In conclusion regardless on which of side of the political spectrum you stand with either you are a conservative or a liberal, at the end you center all your opinions to your own political beliefs based on your own personal ethics. With all that has been going on in our nations economy, we begin to analyze one of the very most important, yet controversial political issue that we are facing Liberal or Conservative? You must decide on your own what you feel the essential needs are, government program support, social support, or the economic support you feel your country shall provide you with.References Conservative vs. Liberal Beliefs. (2005). Retrieved from http//www. studentnewsdaily. com/conservative-vs-liberal-beliefs/ State Felon Voting Laws. (2012). Retrieved from http//felonvoting. procon. org/view. resource. php? resourceID=286 Amy, D. J. (2007). A Guide to Rebutting Right-Wing Criticisms of Government. Retrieved from http//www. governmentisgood. com/feature. php? fid=14 Gold, R. B. (2004). embryonal Stem Cell ResearchaOld Controversy New Debate. Retrieved from http//www. guttmacher. org/pubs/tgr/07/4/gr070404. hypertext mark-up language

Traditions in British Culture

Traditions in Britain Culture Britain is full of dissimilar types of traditions. They give noticeure been around for hundreds of years. When most people think of Britain they think of eating Fish and Chips, or drinking tea and wearing bowler hats. in that location is a lot more to it than just that. St. Georges day is peerless of the most important days for England. It is known as their national day. April twenty-third is when St. Georges day is celebrated. St. George is the patron saint of England, he protested against the Romans torture of Christians and died because of his beliefs.On Sundays the primary(prenominal) meal of the day is a good deal eaten at midday instead of in the evening. This meal usually is a Roast Dinner consisting of roast meat, Yorkshire pudding and two or three kinds of vegetables. Symbols that identify British Culture let in The three national symbols The Union Jack The flag of the United major powerdom, it dates masking to 1603. When James VI (6t h) of Scotland inherited the English and Irish thr geniuss. Joining unneurotic the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland in a personal union. The Red Rose It is the national summit of England. And the three Lions Crest also known as the olympian ordnance store of England The three golden lions on a red background, symbolizing England The Royal Family Queen Elizabeth, Prince Phillip, Prince Charles, Prince William, and Prince Harry. Royal Guards Life Guard, Foot Guard and Beefeater On the Streets of England Red double decker buses, Black taxi cabs, Pillar box (Post Box) and headphone Box SongGod Save the Queen is the English anthem, it female genital organ also be known as God save the King when the Monarch is a male. When sung people usually only sings one or two of the verses, since over the years many people boast contributed into adding another verse into the song. The many candidates for authorship on this song overwhelm John Bull, Thomas Ravenscroft, Henry Purcell, a nd Henry Cargony. Currency The pound sterling, often simply called the pound, is the currency of the United Kingdom. It is subdivided into 100 pence. Singular form is a penny) Education British children are required by law to have an education until they are 16 years old and after that they are free to not go to school. Education is compulsory, but school is not. Children arent required to attend school, but the only other option is to be educated at home. The main school holidays are Christmas (2 weeks long), Spring- 2 weeks long, and summertime that is 6 weeks long. There are also one-week holidays that are at the end of October, the middle of February and the end of may.

The Renaissance and Moliere

The French word renaissance is equivalent to rebirth in English. The time period named for this term was indeed a rebirth of the creativeness and hu globe spirit lost with the classical age. Most importantly, the conversion was a revival of an pursuance to learn. In many ways, it is the opposite of the preceding pump Ages. Their world revolved around the Roman Catholic Church t for each oneing in god dictated every aspect of life. On the contrary, the Renaissance was secular and emphasized the predominance of individuality and homo reputes, known as humanism. only GUID or dark the midway Ages may seem, they were essential for setting the academic degree for the Renaissance. In 1095, Pope Urban II launched what he called a hallowed war. This war, issued to regain control of the Holy Land from the Muslims, occurred from 1095 to 1099 and became known as the depression Crusade. The Second Crusade began in 1144 with hopes of recapturing the City of Odessa, and it ended in 11 49 without having unadulterated what it was intended for. The third and final crusade (1189-1192) was organized to take capital of Israel back from the Muslim leader, Salad, in addition failing to accomplish its original goal.However, on that point is a reason the Crusades are recognized as history just about successful failure The impacts of these religious wars were as influential as it gets. Women had opportunities to consider affairs with the men away at war. The ships that transported crusaders were used by merchants to add together back goods such as tea, coffee, sugar, spices, crops, and silk. Europeans saw these as exotic, which stimulated an interest in transaction, especially between Europe and Southwest Asia. This increased trade was one of the most prominent attri howeveres of the High Middle Ages.It was also vital for paving the way for the Renaissance. With expanding trade came prosperity for Europe, specifically Italy, along with young trading cities. The f ast growth of such business is labeled as the Commercial Revolution. The revolution enabled European towns to grow, and guilds (worker unions) to develop. When serfs recognized opportunity in trade, they decrepit their lords, and a middle class developed. Together, these factors broke down Feudalism The warp of trade and commerce in the High Middle Ages led to a widespread increase in knowledge.Literature became more accessible, and was written in coarse native language, as opposed to Latin. This made it so that a wider revolution of people could become literate. Before, only the wealthy could read and write. Universities were established, and the curriculum cover arithmetic, grammar, music, and romp. The High Middle Ages was the peak of the Medieval Era. However, the late Middle Ages seemed to be comprised of disaster and turmoil. Pope Boniface VIII and King Phillip IV of France collided, track to the Great Schism.By the time this split in the church ceased with the election of Martin V in 1417, the papacy had already been greatly weakened. The bubonic plague chalk up Europe hard, leading to the death of 25 lion of its people. The prayers of the Church failed to gag rule the plague, which further lowered its prestige. The Black Death ripped apart the fabric of society. However grim the Plague was, it certainly lent itself to the development of the Renaissance. The late Middle Ages were a terrifying time to be alive, and the survivors wanted to celebrate human spirit and individuality.This newfound outlook on life led to a surge in the arts that lasted from about 1300 to 1600 the Renaissance. The people of Italy originally hoped to rouse the culture of Classical Rome and Greece, however in the process they discovered new styles of art and iterate, along with new values such as humanism. This time period originated in Italy due to its prosperous cities and merchant class, but soon the rest of Europe was under its influence. Merchants saw the best op portunities disgrace in the field of the arts, and they soon flourished. The arts also became less secular, drama in particular.Religious plays saw their demise when interludes led to the rebirth of theater. Moldier dean Baptists Opaquely) was a French playwright, actor, and director. Born on January 15 1622, he dedicated himself in all to the theater until his tragic death in 1673. He composed 12 of the most lasting comedies in history, and rose to fame with the publication of his first play, The strange Maidens Ridiculed (1659). He was known as the most popular comic playwright of his time. His comedy was secular, and the clergy even believed that some of his plays were intended as attacks at the church.They went so far as to ban one of his works. The last of his pieces was The Imaginary shut-in (1673), which he wrote while ill from a lung condition. After the fourth mathematical operation of this play, Moldier collapsed on stage, coughing up blood, while playing the lead ro le, Organ, and died afterwards that day. As in much of Molders work, The Imaginary Invalid (Lee Malady imaginary) showcases a good amount of Comedic delegate themes and techniques, such as stock characters the triplet most pronounced of these figures were the servant, master, and inamorata (lovers).The play is a satire of the medical field, as the lead, Organ, is a classic hypochondriac. His daughter Angelical is an Inamorata (a lover), her partner being the man she wishes to marry. Organ has plans for her to marry a doctor, seeing as hes ill and a doctor in the family would benefit himself. Their maid Continent is the equivalent of a Comedic servant. The Imaginary Invalid showcases certain ideals of the Renaissance, such as the importance of each individual, and that the greatest part of being human is the humans free allow for to choose.Angelical comes to her father expecting to have his blessing in her marrying the man of her dreams. Organ seems to be more than willing to con sent, even satisfied with what he has heard of the man, until they attain that they are not talking about the same person. Before the Renaissance, on that point was no compromise the only word that mattered was the fathers. The plays controversial comedy also reflected values of the Renaissance. It as a source of entertainment produced for peoples enjoyment no matter of the Churchs disapproval.While contrasting to the celebrated Renaissance, the Middle Ages were essential for setting the stage for the strange era. The Renaissance remains an impressive time period, considering the immense growth of human knowledge and achievements. The arts held a position of utmost importance, and they allowed people to demo themselves in many ways. This feeds directly into the number one new value of the time humanism. Without the arts, there would have been no Renaissance, and in turn, life directly would be strikingly different. Works Cited Beck, Roger B.

Life and Hills like White Elephants Essay

The animation of Ernest Hemingway can be roughly described as turbulent as he preliminaryly led a tumultuous social manners and has had a confused marital relationship (Raeburn, p. 207). Although he has won for himself numerous awards in literature, the life of Hemingway remained blemished by his multiple relationships as well as the animal(prenominal) and mental difficulties he suffered from (Donaldson, p. 691). He was also treated in a mental hospital and received medical attention for severe depression.In the end, Hemingway committed suicide by tripping the trigger of his double barrel shotgun which right away took away his life. The personal experiences of Ernest Hemingway defend largely contributed to almost of his major literary flora. For example, For Whom the Bell Tolls echoes that of a not-so-distant memory of Hemingway, specifically the metre when he had to part ways from his home in order to contact his job, boarding and leaving with the train while his father watched the train unfreeze in the distance (Reynolds, p. 600).In his A F bewell to Arms, Hemingway appears to relieve his previous experiences as an ambulance driver, a member of the personnel for the canteen duties which meant distributing food for the soldiers in the battlefield, and a oblivious-lived interest with a wo world named Agnes von Kurowsky during the First humanity War. All these things and a lot more indicate the presumption that the works of Hemingway are largely influenced by his experiences. And this most kindredly holds true to his short story Hills like exsanguinous Elephants.As the story revolves around twain charactersan unnamed American and a woman named JigHemingway appears to employ the iceberg Theory by writing just a little closely the explicit messages and allowing the contributor to divulge with what is indirectly written in the story. Thus, a thorough reading of Hills like White Elephants will lead the contributor to the understanding that th ere is more than what meets the eyes. Apparently, the short story is about an American and Jig where the American appears to convince the woman to commit abortion.Perhaps the direct reason why the American is persuading the woman to abort the peasant is because the man is afraid to lose the liberty or freedom from an imminent enatic responsibility. In a sense, the child whom the man wants to be aborted is comparable to a white elephant, at least in the understanding of the American. White elephants are considered to be sacred and symbolize justice in Southeast Asiatic monarchies although on the other hand these elephants come with a costly monetary value in terms of its upkeep (Martin).Hence, white elephants are considered to be both a approving or a curse, or even both. The child, like white elephants, is seen by Jig as a blessing whereas the child is seen by the American as a perfume or a curse. Hills like White Elephants can be construe in many ways as resembling the life , or a probative fraction thereof, of Hemingways life. In essence, the short story is reminiscent of the annihilating situations set about by couples with marital bonds, specifically the conflicting decisions be pushed with by both sides.This, too, is reminiscent of the multiple relationships Hemingway had in the past wherein he was involved in such numerous links while being get hitched with. For instance, Hemingways marital relationship with Elizabeth Hadley Richardson came to an end wherein Elizabeth divorced Hemingway after(prenominal) discovering his affair with Pauline Pfeiffer. A short time after his divorce with Elizabeth, Hemingway married Pauline. Prior to the time when his short story Hills like White Elephants was initial published in 1927, Hemingway already had two wives, with the first wife divorced. provided prior to the divorce, as Elizabeth found out about Hemingways affair, she resolved to tell him to stay away from Pauline for six months. Only after that time if he knew he was still in love with Pauline will Elizabeth give Hemingway a divorce. That very instance where Hemingway had to decide for himself the issuance of his marriage with Elizabeth and his affair with Pauline reminds us of the essence of Hills like White Elephants.For the most part, whether or not Hemingway will keep his marriage with Elizabeth essential have depended on his comprehension of it as either a burden or a blessing. The same most likely holds true to his affair with Pauline. The delicate situation wherein Hemingway had to consider whether one of his relationships is a burden or a blessing is quite synonymous to the essence of the situation faced by the American and Jig in Hemingways short story.The affinity tells us that, far from being a mere mental construct, Hills like White Elephants is a short story that strongly reflects the perception of the author. Since Hemingway is bang-up to use the Iceberg Theory where what the reader is only able to immed iately absorb are the explicit contents of the story (Halliday, p. 1), it must have been the case that Hills like White Elephants functions like a window where the reader can take a closer look at the life of Ernest Hemingway.Works CitedDonaldson, S. (1982). The Wooing of Ernest Hemingway. American Literature, 53(4), 691. Halliday, E. M. (1956). Hemingways Ambiguity Symbolism and Irony. American Literature, 28(1), 1. Martin, G. (1996). A white elephant. Retrieved October 23, 2007, from http//www. phrases. org. uk/meanings/410050. html Raeburn, J. (1989). Skirting the Hemingway Legend. American Literary History, 1(1), 207. Reynolds, M. S. (1985). Hemingways Home Depression and Suicide. American Literature, 57(4), 600.